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Major Battles of the Revolutionary War

Major Battles of the Revolutionary War. Starter – September 17th. What were the advantages and disadvantages of both the British and American colonists during the Revolutionary War?. Starter – September 18th.

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Major Battles of the Revolutionary War

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  1. Major Battles of the Revolutionary War

  2. Starter – September 17th • What were the advantages and disadvantages of both the British and American colonists during the Revolutionary War?

  3. Starter – September 18th • Explain the battles of Tincoderoga, Bunker’s Hill, Trenton, Princeton, or Saratoga (choose one).

  4. The Declaration of Independence • The United States first needed to declare independence from Great Britain. • Thomas Jefferson, at the young age of 33, wrote the Declaration of Independence. • The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4, 1776. • That is why we celebrate Independence Day on July 4th. • This is the day that the United States of America declared their independence from King George and Great Britain.

  5. The War in The North • Patriots drive British from Boston, NYC • Britain gets serious about war, sends huge amount of troops, ships, supplies • Britain kicks patriots out of NYC • Begins a year of defeats for Washington and Continentals

  6. Fort Ticonderoga -1775 • Key strategic location in New York • Ethan Allen and about 125 Green Mountain boys attacked fort • The Fort was taken without firing a shot • British officers and women and children were captured • Cannons were taken from Ticonderoga to Boston • Henry Knox: American Army top artillery commander • Major hero of American Revolution

  7. Bunker Hill -1775 • Red Coats victorious in third charge • Americans ran out of ammunition • Moral victory for American Army • Costliest battle for British during whole war • British casualties 1,054 • American casualties 441 • British began to get nervous • Washington took command of the army two weeks after this battle

  8. TRenton • Dec. 25, 1776 • Continentals are in bad shape after many losses, casualties, few supplies • Most soldiers enlistments ending (enlistments last for one year, desertion a problem) • If Washington does not take immediate action the revolution is likely over

  9. Trenton • Washington’s bold plan- cross Delaware River on Christmas night • Surprise attack on German Hessians • Result: 30 Hessians killed, 918 Captured • Result: Only 4 Colonists killed • Result: Many guns, ammo captured • Result: Major morale boost for Washington and Continental Army

  10. Princeton • Jan. 3, 1777 • Washington builds on success, attacks 1200 British and captures or kills 1/3 • Only 40 Continental casualties • Why Trenton Princeton Were Major Victories: • 1. Boosted Patriot morale • 2. Britain left New Jersey- remains in Patriot hands the rest of the war • 3. Continental Army gains much needed supplies and weapons

  11. SaraToga • Oct. 17, 1777 • Part of British Army went to Canada to attack from the North • They were to meet up with main British Army in NYC • The Continentals defeated the British in several battles around Saratoga • British surrendered 5800 men, supplies • Is a major turning point in war towards a Patriot victory • France sees success, becomes an ally, sending troops and $$ • Later Spain becomes ally also

  12. Valley Forge • In late 1777, British force Continentals out of Philadelphia • They set up a winter camp at Valley Forge, PA • Awful conditions- few supplies, food, improper clothing for winter • 1/4 died from starvation, cold, disease

  13. The War In The South – Whigs v. Torries • Whigs: loyal to the Continental Congress • Tories: loyal to England- many in the South • Much violence between W. and T. in the South • British strategy- move war to the South where there were more loyalists, slaves (Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation), tire out Patriots • British Army was successful- captured Savannah and Charlestown

  14. Camden, SC • 1780- Worst American Defeat of war • British General Cornwallis defeats Patriot General Gates • British drew Patriots into a European style battle • 1,000 Patriots killed • 1,000 Captured

  15. Swamp Fox – Altered Strategy • Francis Marion- led a small band patriots on horseback • Used guerrilla tactics • Cut British supply lines, communications • Nathaniel Greene replaces Gates • Americans lead British on chase all through South, wasting British time and money

  16. War On The Frontier • George Rogers Clark- 24 yr old • Travels through PA, OH, IN, IL • Recruits soldiers along the way • Captures British forts at Kaskaskea, Vincennes • Gave a huge amount of land to the Americans

  17. Final Battle - YOrkTown • Oct. 19, 1781 • Cornwallis sets up a base on a peninsula at Yorktown, VA • Patriots+French surround British by land and sea- begin massive siege • Cornwallis surrenders 8,000 British troops- war effectively over

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