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Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Self-Awareness and Communication: Understanding Perception. Preview of Chapter 2. What is a perception? Why is perception important? How can we enhance our perceptual accuracy? How do we check our perceptions?. What is a Perception?.

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2 Self-Awareness and Communication: Understanding Perception

  2. Preview of Chapter 2 • What is a perception? • Why is perception important? • How can we enhance our perceptual accuracy? • How do we check our perceptions?

  3. What is a Perception? • A perception is the ______ of our senses. (page 49) • Once our senses are activated, we begin to process them. • Our senses shape our perceptions. • Ex: Grey clouds in the sky • Ex: Hear sirens • We use perceptions to draw conclusions about others.

  4. Stages of Perception • Stage One: Attention and Selection • The process of choosing what you want tofocusyour attention on. • Stage Two: Organization • Organize information into understandable patterns. • Stage Three: Interpretation • Assignmeaningto what you have perceived.

  5. Stages of Perception – An Example • You are moving into an apartment and you meet your new roommate… • Attention- what do you focus your attention on? • Organization- is there a pattern? • Interpretation- how do you perceive this person?

  6. Assessing Your Learning • What statement describes the “organization stage” of the perception process? • Attaching meaning to what is perceived. • Passively seeking additional information. • Converting information into convenient, understandable, and efficient patterns. • Choosing to focus on a range of stimuli in the environment.

  7. Why is Perception Important? • Our perceptual processes serve as a lens. • The messages we send and receive are filtered through this lens. • Perception is in the mind of the receiver. It remains subjective rather than objective. • How you perceive a situation may be very different than your best friend.

  8. What Do You Perceive?

  9. What Do You Perceive?

  10. Why Do We Have Different Perceptions? • Our perceptions are influenced by ourself-conceptandself-esteem.

  11. Self-Concept • Your overall identity • Subjective description of who you think you are • How you see yourself as a person • Deeply rooted and slow to change Ex: Mother, Daughter, Brother

  12. Self-Concept Components Who you are is reflected through: • Attitudes • Reflects what you like an don’t like • Beliefs • Way you structure your understanding of reality • Values • Concepts of good and bad, right and wrong • Which component is easiest to change?

  13. Quick Activity: • Write down 3 words that describe you. • Why did these 3 words come to mind? • How do you know this about yourself?

  14. How the Self-Concept Develops • Communication with others • We learn who we are from the feedback of others. • Ex: Would you think you were funny if no one laughed at your jokes? • Association with groups • Some groups we’re born into, some we choose. • Our awareness of who we are is linked to the groups we are apart of. • Ex: I’m a New Yorker, I’m a soccer player.

  15. How the Self-Concept Develops • Assumed roles • Certain labels imply implications for behavior (i.e. Woman, Man) • By age 5, behaviors reflecting masculine and feminine roles start to emerge and are distinguishable by adulthood. • Men = invulnerability, power • Women = likeability, compassion • Self-labels (self-reflexiveness) • The ability to think about what you are doing while you are doing it. • We interpret what we experience (S & W)

  16. Self-Esteem • Your assessment of your worth • Your current state of mind or view of yourself • How you compare yourself to others • Can rise and fall with in the course of a day (can change)

  17. Factors Affecting Self-Esteem • Gender • Girls suffer from a greater loss of SE. • Social comparisons • How we “stack up” against others affects our SE. • Self expectations • Whether or not we achieve our goals affects our SE. • Self-Fulfilling prophecies • How we think can affect our SE.

  18. Self Concept vs. Self Esteem • Example 1: • Self Concept • Quiet • Self Esteem • “I’m a coward for not speaking up” or • “I enjoy listening rather than talking” • Example 2: • Self Concept • Argumentative • Self Esteem • “I’m pushy, and that’s obnoxious ” or • “I stand up for my beliefs”

  19. How Can We Enhance Perceptual Accuracy? • Avoid the following: • Stereotyping • Assuming similarity • Assuming differences

  20. How Can We Enhance Perceptual Accuracy? • Use Indirect Perception Checking: • Seek out additional information in a passive manner (i.e. NV Cues). • Hope the information will confirm or refute your interpretations of someone's behavior. • OBSERVATION.

  21. How Do We Check Our Perceptions? • Use Direct Perception Checking: • Involves asking the source or a friend directly about your perceptions. • Three-Step Process: • Describe the behavior—verbal or nonverbal • Offer two possible interpretations • Request clarification

  22. Review of Chapter 2 • What is a perception? • How and why do we form perceptions? • Why is perception important? • How can we enhance our perceptual accuracy? • How do we check our perceptions?

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