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Russian Revolution

Russian Revolution. Background: Missed Industrial Revolution Unhappy farmers want new government Lost wars with Turkey, Japan Royal oppression by Czar Nicholas. Revolution of 1905. Led by workers in “soviets” Marched on Winter palace Response of Czar Nicholas Bloody Sunday

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Russian Revolution

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  1. Russian Revolution • Background: • Missed Industrial Revolution • Unhappy farmers want new government • Lost wars with Turkey, Japan • Royal oppression by Czar Nicholas

  2. Revolution of 1905 • Led by workers in “soviets” • Marched on Winter palace • Response of Czar Nicholas • Bloody Sunday • Issues “October Manifesto” • Created Duma • Puppet parliament

  3. Wardrags Nicholas Away • WWI breaks out in Summer • Nicholas rallies the troops • Leaves wife in charge • Power vacuum is created • Enter Rasputin

  4. March Revolution • Czar Nick abdicates in March 1917 • Struggle for power ensues: • Provisional government • A. Kerensky • Challenged by Bolsheviks from Petrograd Soviet (Reds) • V.I. Lenin (Communist) • Loyalists (Whites) • Mensheviks (also communist)

  5. November Revolution • Reds winning civil war • Communists feared the Royal family would be saved • Gathered in basement of “The house of special purpose” • Shot, stabbed, pummeled, doused with acid & buried • Even Anistasia • Rule of the Bolsheviks begins

  6. Dictatorship of the Proletariat • Lenin’s rule • Peace, land, bread • War tactics, forced labor • Industries nationalized • N.E.P. • Pogroms against Jews • Communists rule in Moscow • Creation of the Communist Party • 15 republics called USSR

  7. How it all works • Socialism: Gov. owns business, not ind. or shareholders • Wealth is nationalized • When classless society is achieved….Communism • Gov., currency not needed • Proletariat would rebel against bourgeoisie

  8. Death of Lenin • Lenin dies in 1924 • Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin compete for power • Stalin wins power struggle • Rules as dictator

  9. Stalin’s Totalitarianism • Total state control of country • 5 year plans: industrialization • Collectivized agriculture • Death of the Kulaks • Terrorized political enemies • “Great Purges” • 10 million dead & missing • The Gulags

  10. Indoctrination & Propaganda • Instruction in gov’s beliefs • Information to sway people • Socialist realism • Gov. programs & policies • Censorship • Rewriting the history books • A Cult of personality

  11. Change in China • The last emperor overthrown • Sun Yixian (Yat Sen)& Kuomintang • 3 principles of the people • Nationalism • People’s rights • People’s livelihood

  12. The May 4th Movement • Mao Zedong leads communist movement for new government • Accepted aid from USSR • Challenged by Chiang Kai-shek • Civil war ensues

  13. The Long March • Mao and followers chased north • 6,000 mile journey • 70,000 men died • Chase called off when Japan invades China - 1931

  14. Indian Nationalism • Post WWI nationalism surges • Hindus & Muslims unite at Amristar, met with gunfire • Gandhi leads non-violent mvmt. • Granted self-gov. in 1935

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