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Human Rights Law. Universal declaration of human rights. Adopted by United Nations 10 December 1948 a milestone in the history of human rights acquistion of human dignity and worth’ Two covenants International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICCPR
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Universal declaration of human rights • Adopted by United Nations 10 December 1948 a milestone in the history of human rights acquistion of human dignity and worth’ • Two covenants • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICCPR • International Convenant on Economic Social and Social Rights Rights ICESCR) • Together formulate International Bill of Rights
Context • Aftermath of World War 2 – horrors of the holocaust Jewish cleansings the death camps, Gypsies • Fragile human history • Jewish and Muslim communities expulsions in Europe • Slavery • Migration
Articles of the declaration • Article 1 All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood • Article 2 Everyone is entitled to rights without discrimination of race colour sex language religion • Rights are therefore inalienable • Article 3 right to life liberty and the security of the person • Articles 4 and 5 prohibit slavery • Article 13 – 15 freedom of movement and residence right to seek asylum
Articles 7 – 11 rights against detention rights to a fair trial • Article 12 0- 16 rights to privacy • Article 18 -20 freedom of thought conscience, freedom of assembly and association • Article 21 secure democracy right of participation • Articles 22 – 27 standards of living health, right to work rest leisure education • Article 29 reciprocity duties to community
Limits of UDHR • Lack of legal status not enforceable states cannot interfere in the context of other states signatory are voluntary • United nations Charter all states to publicize UDHR • Declaration now available in 300 languages – universal language of rights • Human Rights Commission at the UN role of the rapporteur