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Soil Composition 2

Soil Composition 2. 1/13/12. What are the soil textures? . What some chemical soil tests? . pH Salinity Organic content C, H, O mostly Ion Exchange. What do physical tests look for? . Permeability Porosity Texture Moisture content Particle density Soil structure/clumping

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Soil Composition 2

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  1. Soil Composition 2 1/13/12

  2. What are the soil textures?

  3. What some chemical soil tests? • pH • Salinity • Organic content • C, H, O mostly • Ion Exchange

  4. What do physical tests look for? • Permeability • Porosity • Texture • Moisture content • Particle density • Soil structure/clumping • Percolation rate • Capillary of soil • Soil compaction • Soil profile Analysis • Color

  5. How can we ecologically restore soil fertility? • Topsoil conservation + fertilizers • Crop rotation • Organic fertilizers: animal manure, green manure, compost • Manufactured inorganic fertilizers contain macronutrients (i.e. N, P, K)

  6. How can we reduce soil salinization? • Prevention: • reduce irrigation • switch to salt tolerant crops • Clean up: • flush soil ($, wastes water), • stop growing crops for 2-5 years • Install underground drainage systems ($)

  7. How can we reduce desertification? • Slow Global warming/climate change • Reduce… • population growth • overgrazing • deforestation • destructive forms of planting • irrigation • mining.

  8. How can we reduce soil erosion? • Terracing • Contour planning • Strip cropping • Alley Cropping/agroforestry • Windbreaks/shelter belts • Low till or no till agriculture • Don’t overgraze rangelands

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