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The ancestors of Homo sapiens sapiens

The ancestors of Homo sapiens sapiens. (all of which walked upright ). Now let’s look at our ancestors and see how we have changed from herbivorous apes. Sahelanthropus tchadensis. Lived: 6-7 million years ago [Oldest hominid]. Range: Chad.

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The ancestors of Homo sapiens sapiens

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  1. The ancestors of Homo sapiens sapiens (all of which walked upright)

  2. Now let’s look at our ancestors and see how we have changed from herbivorous apes

  3. Sahelanthropus tchadensis Lived: 6-7 million years ago [Oldest hominid] Range: Chad Diet: more plants,less fruitthan chimpanzee Jaw:Large canines, large molars; protruding jaw Size: less than 100 cm ?? Cranium:25%the size of a modern brainhas sagittal crest Tools: none

  4. Ardipithecus ramidus Lived:4.4million years ago. Range:East Africa Diet: Herbivoreand insectivore Jaw: medium canines, large molars . protruding jaw Size:~120 cm sexes differ10 cm Cranium:30% the size of normal brain; no crest Tools: none

  5. Australopithecus anamensis Lived:4.2 - 3.9million years.ago Range:EastAfrica Diet:Fruit, nuts, seeds, tubers and insects. Jaw: Small canines, large molars,protruding jaw Size:150 cm; sexes differ 30 cm Cranium:30% the size of a modern brain; no crest Tools:none

  6. Wooden tools used by chimpanzees in Tanzania to dig up tubers from under a tough soil

  7. Australopithecus afarensis: Lived: 3.9 - 3.0 million years ago. Range:East Africa. Diet: Soft fruit, nuts, seeds, tubers and bird eggs. Jaw: Small canines,large molars;protruding jaw Size:150cmsexes differ 30 cm Cranium:35%the size of a modern brain; no crest Tools: none ??

  8. “Lucy” is the oldest skeleton we have

  9. Comparing the skeleton of “Lucy” and us.

  10. 3.6 million year-old footprints of A. afarensis

  11. Australopithecus africanus: Lived:3.0– 2.4million years ago. Range:SouthAfrica. Diet:Soft fruit,nuts, seeds, insects and bird eggs. Teeth: Small canines, large molars; protruding jaw Size: 150 cm; sexes differ 20 cm Cranium:38% the size of a modern brain; no crest Tools: simple rock flakes

  12. Remember the sagittal crest? It had disappeared from the Australopithecus by 3.5 mya. But at 2.7-1.0 mya we see the crest has returned!

  13. Paranthropus sp [our chewing relative]

  14. Paranthropus sp Lived:2.7- 1.0million years ago. Range:East Africa Diet:Probably nuts,seeds papyrus roots Jaw: No canines, massive molars protruding jaw; Size:130 cm; sexes differ 40 cm Cranium:34% the size of a modern brain; large crest Tools:none

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