Diversity Leadership: Strategies for Embracing Difference and Avoiding A. C.R.A.S.H.

1. Diversity Leadership:Strategies for Embracing Difference and Avoiding A. C.R.A.S.H. Presented by: Ivan B. Turnipseed, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Hospitality & Tourism Management Studies (HTMS), School of Business The Richard Stockton College of New Jersey Day of Leadership  Saturday, November 19, 2011

2. Who am I? • Born / Reared: Midwest / Deep South • Education: B.A. – M.S. – C.A.S. – Ph.D. • College Teaching Experience: Monroe College, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, Central Connecticut State University, Stockton! • Industry/Other Experience: Travel Planners, Quikbook, NBGSA, NSMH, CAARP • Research Interests:Black issues in hospitality and tourism, community-based sustainable tourism, hospitality and tourism marketing, internal marketing, job and compensation discrimination, social stratification in organizations, strategic human resource management, workplace and socio-political diversity Dr. Turnipseed

3. Overview of Presentation • Opening Activity • What is leadership? • What is diversity? • What is inclusion? • What is A. C.R.A.S.H.? • What is America’s demographic profile? • Why should leaders care? • How can YOU exercise diversity leadership? • Closing Activity Dr. Turnipseed

4. Opening Activity • Safe Space • Arrange yourselves alphabetically by first name. • Difference Meet & Greet • Three people who are primarily different. • Tell them why you approached. • Discuss differences and commonalities. Dr. Turnipseed

5. What is leadership? • What do you think? • Leadership is about: authority, behavior, charisma, coordination, example, followership, goals, influence, intelligence, interaction, management, position, responsibility, values, vision Dr. Turnipseed

6. What is diversity? • What do you think? • Diversity is primarily about the existence and representation of difference. • Primary, secondary, and tertiary dimensions Dr. Turnipseed

7. What is inclusion? • What do you think? • The degree to which the diverse members of a group are genuinely and consistently engaged with each other. Dr. Turnipseed

8. What is A CRASH? The acronym • Ableism • Classism • Racism • Ageism • Sexism • Heterosexism Dr. Turnipseed

9. What is A CRASH? The analogy • A vehicle crash is injurious (physically and emotionally), inconvenient, costly, often avoidable (when attention is paid and certain rules/laws are followed), and may lead to legal proceedings and redress. • Just as each of us wishes to avoid a vehicular accident, we should avoid A. C.R.A.S.H. Dr. Turnipseed

10. Ableism Defined • Ableism – The cultural, institutional, and individual set of discriminatory and prejudicial practices and beliefs that assigns inferior value (worth) to people who have developmental, emotional, physical or psychiatric disabilities (Ableism, 2002). • In the U.S., roughly 65% of disabled persons are unemployed. Dr. Turnipseed

11. Classism Defined • Class– A ‘relative social ranking based on income, wealth, status, and / or power (Adams, Bell, & Griffin, 1997, p. 233). • Classism – The institutional, cultural, and individual set of practices and beliefs that assign differential value to people according to their socio-economic class; and an economic system which creates excessive inequality and causes basic human need to go unmet (Adams, Bell, & Griffin, 1997, p. 238). • Family income, for example, has been directly linked to SAT score attainment. Dr. Turnipseed

12. Racism Defined • Racism – A ‘system of advantage based on race.’ It is not only a personal ideology based on racial prejudice, but a system involving cultural messages and institutional policies and practices as well as the beliefs and actions of individuals. • Racism – Prejudice plus social power—access to social, cultural, and economic resources and decision-making (Tatum, 2004). • There are real and persistent differences in the economic attainment of various racial/ethnic groups, even after accounting for education and years of work experience. Dr. Turnipseed

13. Ageism Defined • Ageism – ‘Any attitude, action, or institutional structure which subordinates a person or group because of age or any assignment of roles in society purely on the basis of age’ (Woolf, n.d.). Two Ways Ageism Differs From Other Isms • Age classification is not static; it changes as an individual progresses through the life cycle. • (Barring an early death) no one is exempt from eventually becoming old and experiencing ageism. Dr. Turnipseed

14. Sexism Defined • Sexism – A system by which women are kept subordinate to men (Pharr, 2004). • Sexism – The cultural, institutional, and individual set of beliefs and practices that privilege men, subordinate women, and denigrate values and practices associated with women (Adams, Bell, & Griffin, 1997). • Sexism is a symptom of a patriarchal society. A patriarchy is a male-dominated, male-identified, and male-centered society that involves the oppression of women as one of its key aspects. The positions of authority—political, economic, legal, religious, educational, military, domestic—are generally reserved for men (Johnson, 2004). • Wage gap – Women earn approx. 80 cents for every dollar that men earn. Dr. Turnipseed

15. Heterosexism Defined • Heterosexism – The systemic display of homophobia in the institutions of society. [It creates the climate for homophobia with its assumption that the world is and must be heterosexual and its display of power and privilege as the norm] (Pharr, 2004). • Heterosexism – The individual, institutional, and societal / cultural beliefs and practices based on the belief that heterosexuality is the only normal and acceptable sexual orientation (Adams, Bell, & Griffin, 1997). • As of 2011, it remains legal in 29 states to fire people based on sexual orientation. Dr. Turnipseed

16. What is America’s demographic profile? • Women now constitute more than 47% of the nation’s workforce. (~51% of population) • The 65 and older population in 2030 will comprise 88.5 million people vs. 38.7 million in 2008. • Minorities constituted 1/3 of the population in 2008 and are projected to be 54% of the total in 2050. • Hispanic population will double from 15 to 30%. • Blacks will grow from 14 to 15%. • Asians will increase from 5.1 to 9.2%. • American Indians & Alaska Natives will grow 1.6 to 2%. • Non-Hispanic Whites will fall from 66% to 46%. • Which ethnic/racial group will be the largest in 2050? Dr. Turnipseed

17. Why should leaders care? • What do you think? • To avoid A CRASH. • Genuine celebration and positive engagement of difference empowers people, enriches interpersonal exchange, and generates productive outcomes. Dr. Turnipseed

18. How can YOU exercise diversity leadership? • What do you think? • Deliberately avoid A CRASH in everyday interactions. • Avoid “blindness”. • Continually consider ways to promote diversity and inclusion. • Perpetual proportionate affirmative action • Progressive syntax (p. 20) Dr. Turnipseed

19. Closing Activity • Alphabetical order by first name. • State your name, and share one takeaway. Dr. Turnipseed

20. Thank You! . Dr. Turnipseed