1 / 45

Comprehensive Guide to TCP/IP Architecture & Protocols in Managing Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network

Learn all about TCP/IP architecture, layer protocols, and transport layer protocols in this enhanced guide for managing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 network efficiently. Dive into application layer protocols such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP, POP3, and IMAP4 for seamless network operation.

jbenavidez
Download Presentation

Comprehensive Guide to TCP/IP Architecture & Protocols in Managing Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. 70-291: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Network, EnhancedChapter 3:TCP/IP Architecture

  2. Objectives • Describe the overall architecture of TCP/IP • Identify application layer protocols in the TCP/IP protocol suite • Compare and contrast TCP/IP and UDP transport layer protocols • Understand the role of various Internet layer protocols including IP, ICMP, and ARP • Describe different network layer interface protocols Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  3. TCP/IP Architecture Overview • TCP/IP varies slightly from the standard OSI model • Represented by a four-layer model • Layers include: • Application • Transport • Internet • Network Interface Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  4. TCP/IP Architecture Overview (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  5. TCP/IP Architecture Overview (continued) • Application layer provides access to network resources • Transport layer is responsible for preparing data to be sent over the network • Internet layer is responsible for logical addressing and routing • Network Interface layer consists of the network card driver and the network card circuitry itself Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  6. Application Layer Protocols • Application layer accepts data from software and sends it to the network • There are many application layer protocols that are only available on TCP/IP networks • Each of these protocols is associated with a client application and service Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  7. HTTP • Hypertext Transfer Protocol • Most common protocol used on the Internet today • Used by Web browsers and Web servers • HTTP defines the commands that Web browsers can send and how Web servers are capable of responding • CGI, ISAPI, and NSAPI can be used to pass data from a Web server to an application Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  8. FTP • File Transfer Protocol • Simple file-sharing protocol • Slowly becoming obsolete as HTTP can be used for downloading/uploading files • Protocol first introduced in the 1980s for UNIX systems Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  9. Activity 3-1: Using FTP to Download a File • Objective: Use FTP to download a utility • Use the command line FTP utility to access Microsoft’s FTP site: ftp.microsoft.com • User Name: anonymous • Password: Your e-mail address Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  10. Telnet • Terminal emulation program • Primarily used to connect remotely to UNIX and Linux machines • Does not support a graphical user interface • Many telnet clients can be connected to a server concurrently • Useful for administering UNIX and Linux systems Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  11. SMTP • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol • Used to send and receive e-mail messages between e-mail servers • Protocol also used by e-mail client software such as Microsoft Outlook Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  12. Activity 3-2: Using Telnet to Verify SMTP • Objective: Use telnet to verify the functionality of an SMTP server • Connect to maila.microsoft.com on port 25 using telnet • Issue the help command to see the commands supported by the server Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  13. POP3 • Post Office Protocol version 3 • Most commonly used protocol for reading e-mail messages • Has commands to download and delete messages from e-mail servers • Does not support the sending of messages • POP3 supports only a single inbox • Does not support multiple folders for storage on the server Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  14. IMAP4 • Internet Message Access Protocol version 4 • Another protocol used to read e-mail messages • Has abilities beyond those of POP3 • Can download message headers only • Allows multiple folders on the server side Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  15. Transport Layer Protocols • These protocols are responsible for preparing data to be sent over the network • The most common task is to break information up into packets • Each transport layer protocol has its own set of ports • An IP address and port number collectively form a socket • The port number ensures that a packet is delivered to the correct service Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  16. Transport Layer Protocols (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  17. Activity 3-3: Using Port Numbers • Objective: Connect to resources using TCP and UDP port numbers • In this activity, you will be trying to connect to both HTTP and FTP using different port numbers Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  18. TCP • Transmission Control Protocol is the most commonly used transport layer protocol • Connection oriented – a connection must be established before data is transferred between computers • Connection is established using a three-way handshake • TCP tracks each packet to ensure it was successfully delivered • Packets are delivered using a sliding window Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  19. Activity 3-4: Installing Network Monitor • Objective: Install network monitor to enable packet capturing • In this activity, you will be using network monitor to see exactly how some of the data packets in your network are addressed Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  20. Activity 3-5: Viewing a TCP Connection in Network Monitor • Objective: Capture and view TCP connection packets in Network Monitor • In this exercise, you will be using Network Monitor to view packets used when a TCP connection is created with HTTP Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  21. UDP • User Datagram Protocol • Not as common as TCP/IP • UDP is connectionless and unreliable • Streaming audio and video use this protocol • Resolution of a DNS name is done via UDP Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  22. Activity 3-6: Capturing UDP Packets in Network Monitor • Objective: Capture and view UDP packets in Network Monitor • This activity involves viewing DNS packets Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  23. TCP versus UDP • TCP is connection-oriented and reliable • UDP is connectionless and unreliable Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  24. Internet Layer Protocols • Responsible for all tasks related to logical addressing • An IP address is a logical address • Protocols in this layer include: IP, RIP, OSPF, ICMP, IGMP, and ARP • Protocols in this layer are aware of other networks Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  25. IP • Internet Protocol is responsible for the logical addressing of each packet created by the Transport layer • As each packet is sent out, IP attaches the source and destination address to the packet • IP verifies that, once the machine receives a packet over the network, that packet has the same destination address as the IP address of the computer Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  26. RIP and OSPF • Routing Information Protocol and Open Shortest Path First • Both are routing protocols • Responsible for defining how paths are chosen through the internetwork from one computer to another • Define how routers can share information about the networks of which they are aware Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  27. ICMP • Internet Control Messaging Protocol • Used to send IP error and control messages between routers and hosts • Most common use is the ping utility • Ping is used to help determine if a computer is functional and able to communicate over the network • Internet Assigned Numbers Authority maintains a complete list of ICMP packet types Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  28. ICMP (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  29. Activity 3-7: Testing Host Functionality • Objective: Test the functionality of a host using the ping command • You will be using the ping command to test Internet connectivity • Ping www.hotmail.com Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  30. Activity 3-8: Viewing TTL • Objective: View the TTL of a ping packet • The ping utility shows the TTL of the packet, giving an approximation for the speed of the connection Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  31. IGMP • Internet Group Management Protocol • Used for the management of multicast groups • Hosts use IGMP to inform routers of their membership in multicast groups • Routers use IGMP to announce that their networks have members in particular multicast groups • IGMP allows multicast packets to be distributed only to routers that have interested hosts connected Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  32. ARP • Address Resolution Protocol • Used to convert logical IP addresses to physical MAC addresses • Network cards use a MAC address to filter irrelevant packets • Data packets have four addresses: source IP address, destination IP address, source MAC address, and destination MAC address • ARP uses a two-packet process to find the MAC address of the destination computer Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  33. ARP (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  34. ARP (continued) • ARP request • First packet • Broadcast to all computers on a local network, asking for the MAC address of the computer with the destination IP address • Destination computer sees this packet and replies with the address • The communication process then proceeds Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  35. ARP (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  36. ARP (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  37. ARP (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  38. Activity 3-9: Viewing the ARP Cache • Objective: View the contents of the ARP cache • In this exercise, the cache will be viewed and then cleared to force the rebuilding of cache information • Use the arp command to complete this activity Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  39. Network Interface Layer Protocols • Most of the common Network Interface layer protocols are defined by IEEE • Ethernet is the most common Network Interface layer protocol used in corporate networks today • All varieties of Ethernet use Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection for access control Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  40. Network Interface Layer Protocols (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  41. Network Interface Layer Protocols (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  42. Network Interface Layer Protocols (continued) • Token Ring is an older technology created by IBM • Token Ring was commonly implemented with mainframe computers • Wireless LAN is one of the fastest growing network types • 802.11b defines the most common wireless standard • Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communications system Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  43. Summary • The TCP/IP model is composed of four layers: Application, Transport, Internet, and Network Interface • Many Application layer protocols, each of which is associated with a client application and service • HTTP: most common protocol used on the Internet • FTP is used for transferring files across the Internet • Telnet: remote connect to UNIX and Linux systems Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  44. Summary (continued) • SMTP is used to send and receive e-mail messages between e-mail servers • POP3: most common protocol used for reading e-mail messages • IMAP4: another protocol used for reading e-mail • The two Transport layer protocols are TCP and UDP • TCP is connection-oriented and reliable • UDP is connectionless and unreliable Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

  45. Summary (continued) • Internet layer protocols: • Responsible for tasks related to logical addressing • All very specialized • IP, RIP, OSPF, ICMP, IGMP, and ARP • Ethernet: most common Network Interface layer protocol used in corporate networks today • Wireless LANs are one of the fastest growing network types Guide to MCSE 70-291, Enhanced

More Related