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The Importance of Organic Compounds in Our Lives

Understand why organic compounds are essential, how atoms build molecules, why carbon is crucial in the body, and the interaction of electrons to form bonds. Explore the types of biomolecules formed by carbon and their functions in the body.

jdanley
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The Importance of Organic Compounds in Our Lives

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  1. Aim: Why are organic compounds important to us? • Do NOW: In complete sentences explain how you would use an atom to build a larger molecule. • Homework: Project # 1 Internet activity

  2. http://science.nhmccd.edu/biol/bio1int.htm

  3. Activity • Read the life substances handout as you read underline the main idea of each paragraph.

  4. Tuesday 11/10/15 • AIM: Why is carbon an important element in your body? • Do NOW: Choose on of the questions below and answer it in your notes 1- what is the atomic number and atomic mass of Carbon? 2-Identify the atomic number and atomic mass Homework:text read pages 51-53. Answer questions 1-3 on page 54

  5. Carbon • What is the atomic number? • What is the atomic mass? • #p • #n • #e-

  6. Monday 11/9/15 • AIM:Why is carbon an important element in your body? • DO NOW: What do you inhale? Exhale? WHY? • HOMEWORK: text read pages 51-53. Answer questions 1-3 on page 54

  7. Monday 11/9/15 • AIM: How do atoms combine? • DO NOW: What are the 3 phases of matter and how are they different? • HW: Text Question 4 page 54

  8. All matter is built from atoms • Atom is the basic unit of matter • Subatomic particles • Nucleus • Protons • Neutron • Orbitals • Electrons • Parts of an Atom Song - YouTube

  9. Stable atoms • Properties of an atom • Due to the # of subatomic particles found in the nucleus • Ability of electrons to interact with other atoms • Want to be electrically neutral

  10. What is an element?

  11. What are the six most important elements to living organisms? CHNOPS

  12. Carbon atom • Able to form 4 covalent bonds due to 4 electrons in outer shell • Combine to form large organic compounds

  13. Carbon fun facts • Carbon is found in many different compounds. • It is in the food you eat, the clothes you wear, the cosmetics you use and the gasoline that fuels your car. • Carbon is the sixth most abundant element in the universe.

  14. How are organic and inorganic compounds different? Organic compounds must Contain C and H Inorganic compounds Do not contain both NaCL CO2 H2O • CH3 • C6H12O6

  15. Building molecules and compounds • Electrons of different atoms interact to form bonds • Loss or gain of electrons • Sharing of electrons

  16. Thursday 11/12/15 • AIM: How do electrons interact? • DO NOW: 1- What are the 6 most important elements to humans? • 2- Explain the difference between organic and inorganic • HOMEWORK: UPCO page 85 read and answer all questions part A 1 and 2 Part B 1,2,3 and page 86 question 4

  17. Friday 11/13/15 • AIM: How do water molecules interact? • DO NOW: 1- Why do atoms form bonds? • 2-Explain the difference between a covalent and ionic bond.

  18. Why do atoms combine? How do atoms combine?

  19. Atoms combine to build molecules and compounds • Electron interaction forms bonds • Loss or gain of electrons • Sharing of electrons

  20. How is a covalent bond different from an ionic bond?

  21. Atomic bonding • Electron interactions form bonds • Covalent bonds: electrons are shared between atoms • Electrons orbit both nuclei • 2 Hydrogen atoms share there electrons to form a bond

  22. Ionic bonding • The loss or gain of an electron to form a bond

  23. Ionic bonds • Forms ions or charged atoms • The atom that looses an electron is loosing a – charge so it becomes + • The atom that gains an electron is gaining a – charge so it becomes -

  24. How does Carbon combine with other elements? • Carbon can share 4 electrons with 4 different atoms • Forms 4 covalent bonds

  25. Why are we talking about this? BECAUSE ATOMS BUILD ALL LIVING THINGS AS WELL AS NONLIVING

  26. Organization of human body • Atom • Molecule and compound • Biomolecule; carbohydrate, lipid, protien, nucleic acid • Organelle • Cell • Tissue • Organ • System • Organism

  27. Assessment • In your own words, explain why carbon is an important element in your body.

  28. Monday 11/16/15 • AIM: How do our bodies use biomolecules? • Do Now: 1- Why do atoms combine? • 2- Explain how atoms combine • HW: text read pages 59-60. Answer the reading check questions on both pages

  29. The Biomolecule Band - YouTube

  30. One sheet per pair • 1- What is a monomer? • 2- What are the 4 categories of biomolecules? • EXTRA CREDIT: List the monomer that build each biomolecule

  31. What are the four categories of organic compounds or biomolecules formed by carbon? • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Nucleic acids

  32. List at least 2 food sources that contain protein, 2 food sources that contain carbohydrate, 2 food sources that contain lipid.

  33. Carbohydrate • Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen • Store and release energy • Starch and sugars • Glycogen and cellulose

  34. Lipids • Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen • Fats, oils, waxes, steroids • Energy storage, protection, insulation and chemical messengers ( steroids)

  35. Tuesday 11/17/15 • Aim: Why are biomolecules polymers? • Do Now: 1- Explain why lipids are organic compounds. • 2- Give the examples of lipids

  36. Lipids are organic compounds because they are built from Carbon and Hydrogen • Fats, Oils, Waxes and steroids

  37. Why are organic compounds also called biomolecules?

  38. Answer • All biomolecules are organic compounds • That means they are made up of Carbon and hydrogen • Organic compounds build living things so they are also called biomolecules

  39. Tuesday 11/17/15 • Textbook Read pages 61-62. • 1- What is the function of fat? • 2- what is the function of wax? • 3- What are the major structural differences between wax and fat? • 4- what does every amino acid have? • 5- What gives an amino acid its special properties? • 6- how does the body get the amino acids we need to build our proteins? • 7- List the levels of structure of a protein.

  40. Protein • Carbon, Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur • Structure for tissues and organs • Metabolism • Transport • Catalysts • Chemical Messengers (protein hormones)

  41. How are enzymes related to proteins? • Enzymes are protein catalysts • Speed up chemical reactions

  42. Nucleic Acid • Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorous, sulfur • Store cellular information • DNA and RNA

  43. (5 min) • Using the information you have received complete the table below

  44. Biomolecules are polymers • Poly- many • Mer- unit • multiple units of smaller, repeating units • Build Large compounds • Why are carbohydrates polymers? • Because they are big molecules made from repeating subunits • Specifically monosaccharides

  45. Wednesday 11/18/15 • AIM: How are polymers built from monomer subunit? • DO NOW: What is a polymer? What are the four categories of polymers we have been discussing. • What are some other names of polymers? • HW:Textbook read page 63: 1- What are the parts of a nucleotide? 2- What does DNA stand for? RNA? 3- What is the function of DNA 4- Explain how ATP stores and releases energy

  46. Question • Lipids are organic compounds because: • A- they are large molecules • B- they are built from repeating sub units • C- they contain Carbon and hydrogen • D-they build living things • Proteins are polymers because: • A- they are large molecules • B- they are built from repeating sub units • C- they contain Carbon and hydrogen • D-they build living things

  47. Nucleic acids are biomolecules because • A- they are large molecules • B- they are built from repeating sub units • C- they contain Carbon and hydrogen • D-they build living things

  48. Four of the classes of life’s organic molecules are polymers • Carbohydrates • Proteins • Lipids • Nucleic acids • A polymer • Is a long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks called monomers

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