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The Foundations of Democracy

Explore the birth and evolution of democracy in Ancient Greece and Rome. From Athens as the birthplace of democracy to Rome's establishment of a republic, discover the key figures, principles, and legacies that shaped democratic governance in these ancient civilizations.

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The Foundations of Democracy

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  1. The Foundations of Democracy Ancient Greece Ancient Rome

  2. A. Ancient Greece

  3. The birthplace of democracy is in Athens Athens used to have a monarchy Then it became an aristocracy Then, when the citizens governed or ruled themselves, it became a democracy

  4. Democracy developed because of three Athenian rulers: Solon, Cleisthenes, and Pericles. • They allowed citizens to vote and Athens developed into a direct democracy. • However, not everyone was considered a citizen

  5. They also separated the government into three branches (legislative, executive, and judicial).

  6. Democracy ended when Macedonia (country to the North) invaded Greece in 338 B.C. • Alexander the Great then ruled Greece

  7. Philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle continued the development of democracy through their writings • Natural Laws: laws of nature that explained how people desired self-rule

  8. Socrates – 1st great Greek philosopher to voice his beliefs in democracy. • Believed in a meritocracy where those with exceptional ability (really smart) and moral character should be leaders.

  9. Plato – wrote The Republic. • Believed a state should be ruled by the wisest not the richest to save the people from evil. • They would be called philosopher-kings.

  10. Aristotle – wrote Politics. • Believed men had a desire and need to live in a governed society.

  11. Greece’s Legacy to Democracy – • Direct Democracy • Three Branches of Government • Natural Laws

  12. B. Ancient Rome • Rome discovered democracy through contact (war) with the Greeks

  13. Established a Republic in 509 B.C. • Divided government into three separate branches

  14. Legislative branch made up of the: • Senate which controlled foreign and financial affairs • The two assemblies

  15. Created the Twelve Tables • A written law code that applied to EVERYONE. • Romans believed citizens had the right to equal treatment under the law.

  16. Rome’s Legacy to Democracy • Idea of a republic • legal and political terms used today • A government of laws, not of men

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