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Undulator Development R&D Plan

Explore the development plan for undulators at NSLS-II, including different types of undulators like PM-Damping Wiggler, EPU, 3 Pole Wiggler, and CPMU. Focus on new materials, cooling systems, and advanced technologies.

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Undulator Development R&D Plan

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  1. Undulator Development R&D Plan Toshi Tanabe George Rakowsky, John Skaritka, Steve Hulbert, Sam Krinsky, Timur Shaftan and Other NSLS2 Staffs NSLS-II NSLS-II Accelerator Systems Advisory Committee 2007/04/23-24

  2. Outline • Permanent Magnet Damping Wiggler • Elliptically Polarized Undulator (EPU) • 3 Pole Wiggler • Cryo-Permanent Magnet Undulator (CPMU) • Cold Measurement System • Cold Gas Refrigeration System • New Magnet / Pole Materials • New Gap Separation Mechanism • Superconducting Insertion Devices • SCU, SCW and SEPU • High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) • Undulator Laboratory

  3. 1) PM-Damping Wiggler • CDR DW (lw=100mm, Gap=15mm) • Br=1.35T • Integral of B2=0.1459 T2.m (90.0% of ideal 1.8T sinusoidal field=0.162 T2.m) • Keff/g = 2.71 mrad • New Design with side magnets (lw=80mm, Gap=12mm) • Br=1.30T • Integral of B2=0.1334 T2.m (103% of ideal 1.8T sinusoidal field=0.1296 T2.m) • Keff / g = 2.32 mrad Side Magnets W100 W80

  4. Effect of Pole Width in Dynamic Aperture [Horizontal Field Profile] • 65% Pole Width=52mm (Br=1.32) • Pole Width=80mm (Br=1.30) kx=0.0026 kx=0.0058 • 45% Pole Width=36mm (Br=1.40) kx=0.017

  5. Tracking Result Up to 13th longitudinal harmonics are included

  6. 2) EPU Comparison • Apple-II v.s. HiSOR EPU second order kicks (Elleaume, EPAC 1992):

  7. Radia Kick Map (Helical Mode) • HiSOR [Vertical Kick] • Apple-II

  8. Radia Kick Map (Helical Mode) • HiSOR [Horizontal Kick] • Apple-II More ellaborate trackings will be conducted

  9. 3) 3 Pole Wiggler • Requirements: • More than 2 mrad of radiation fan above 1T field • Use narrow gap dipole (35 mm Gap) chamber • Fixed gap and removable from one side of the chamber • Placed next to a BM  Cross talk issues are being investigated (3D model) Preliminary Magnetic Design 16mm 17.5mm Br=1.35T Permendur Center Pole Soft Iron (1006) Side Poles Rectangular Magnets S [mm]

  10. By, Angle, Trajectory Red lines show the fanning angle required by the users

  11. 4) CPMU Japanese/European Efforts on Cold Measurement System SPring-8 (Courtesy of T.Tanaka) ESRF (Elletra Workshop 06)

  12. Our Approach • Detachable system from side opening  Dedicated measurement chamber (SP8/ESRF) • Adaptable positioning system using feed back from laser tracker for Hall probe • Hope to adapt the stretched wire system design by ESRF • Stable square shape pulse generator with a flat-top longer than 15msec has to be developed for pulsed wire measurement with 3.5m device

  13. New Materials • Latest PrFeB Magnet • New CR53 from Hitachi Metal 3.0 B [T] • Crystalized Dysprosium Pole • Very high saturation flux density ~ 3.5T • Vanadium permendur ~ 2.3T • Soft iron ~ 2.1T • W. Swift and M. Mathur IEEE Trans. Mag. Vol.10, No.2 (1974) H [105 A/m]

  14. New In-vacuum Gap Separation Mechanism Linear motors drive the outer cage. Vacuum chamber Rail

  15. Impproved Cold Gas Refrigeration System • Linear motor to pump the gas instead of compressed air activated cylinder • Triple stage cryocoolers to cover wide temperature range • It will be tested to cool down the LDRD funded HTS sextupole proto type (shown on the right)

  16. 5) Superconducting Insertion Devices • Low Temperature Superconducting Undulator/ Wiggler • Test APC-NbTi wire • Low TemperatureSuperconducting EPU • Design study, especially winding technique • High Temperature SC Devices • Rapid conductor development in the industry • New type such as coated conductor and thin film available More design flexibility • Once the conductor exceeds the necessary performance level, it will be very promising candidates for future IDs

  17. Insertion Device Laboratory • Class 10000 Temperature Controlled Semi-Clean Room for IVU Measurement • Metalic dust is very hard to remove after assembly. • Prevent bugs from entering hard-to-reach area. • 22 °C± 0.2 °C or tighter (Cf. LCLS MMF: 20 °C± 0.1 °C) • Low vibration required by pulsed wire measurement • Standard ID measurement setups • 6-7 m Hall probe bench • Stretched / pulsed wire system (3-4m) • Cold Measurement Apparatus • Dedicated cold measurement system with independent refrigerator • Hall probe calibration setup in controlled temperature • Winding Machines for SC device development • CAD to CAM system for yoke fabrication

  18. Summary • DW may require further refinement to reduce the impact on the ring. • How much of the longitudinal harmonics can be tolerated? • More rigorous trackings will determine optimal structure of EPU for NSLS-II. • 3 pole wiggler will be conventional PM device, however; • Magnetic interaction with adjacent magnets should be taken into account • Residural dispersion due to asymmetric beta function at the location has be to minimized. • Development of accurate cold field meamsurement system is essential for successful operation of CPMU. • New materials to be developed for higher performance • New gap separation mechanism to simplify the structure • SC insertion devices planned for NSLS-II require further R&Ds. • Undulator Laboratory must have state-of-the-art measurement system to be competitive for next 20 years of operation.

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