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Dracunculus medinensis

Dracunculus medinensis. Everything you wanted to know about “Guinea Worms” But, were afraid to ask. CrisAngel Presents. Guinea Worms and You. CDC estimates In 1986, there were 3.5 million cases worldwide In 2009, there were fewer than 10,000 cases

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Dracunculus medinensis

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  1. Dracunculusmedinensis Everything you wanted to know about “Guinea Worms” But, were afraid to ask CrisAngel Presents

  2. Guinea Worms and You CDC estimates • In 1986, there were 3.5 million cases worldwide • In 2009, there were fewer than 10,000 cases • Presently, there may be as few as 1,000 cases • Guinea worm disease is expected to be the next disease after smallpox to be eradicated

  3. Classification/Taxonomy Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Class: Secernentea Order: Camallanida Family: Dracunculidae Genus: Dranunculus Species: Meninensis

  4. Geographic Distribution • Predominantly in Africa. Also in India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen • Freshwater lakes and rivers

  5. Who’s Your Host • Definitive host: Humans, wolves, dogs, horses, cows, leopards, monkeys, and baboons (oh my!) • Intermediate: Cyclops copepods

  6. Morphology • Female: 60 cm in length and can reach up to 3 ft • Male: much smaller 1.2-2.9 cm • Larvae: 500 and 700 micrometers

  7. Life Cycle

  8. Life Cycle Humans are infected by drinking unfiltered water containing copepods that are infected with larvae. After ingestion, the copepods die and release the larvae. The larvae then penetrate the stomach and intestinal wall and enter the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. The larvae mature and reproduce. The males die while the females migrate into the subcutaneous tissue toward the skin. After about one year of infection, the female worm induces a blister, which will rupture. When the blister comes into contact with water, the female worm emerges and releases larvae. Larvae are ingested by copepods and infective larvae are developed after about two weeks.

  9. Pathogenesis • Emergent Worms • Severe pain, allergic reactions, and blisters • Secondary Bacterial Infections: • Caused by retreating worms • Entry of tetanus spores • Nonemergent Worms • Arthritis,cellulitis, and necrosis

  10. The Fiery Serpent Complications • Cellulitis • Boils • Infection (sepsis) • Joint infection and severe joint pain • Lock jaw • Disability Symptoms • Slight Fever • Itchy Rash • Nausea • Vomiting • Diarrhea

  11. Diagnosis • Blister Formation • The outline of worm under the skin • Enhanced by reflected light

  12. Treatment 1. Immerse foot 2. Extract worm 3. Bandage 4. Drugs: None 1. Patient Surveillance 2. Provide Safe Water 3. Vector Control: Abate 4. Education Control: GWEP

  13. Works Cited CDC: http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/guineaworm/prevent.html CMR: http://cmr.asm.org/cgi/content/full/15/2/223/F4 Nature: http://www.nature.com/embor/journal/v10/n3/full/embor200919.html NIH: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2536457/pdf/bullwho00088-0065.pdf WHO: http://www.who.int/dracunculiasis/disease/disease_more/en/index.html

  14. Supplemental Videos http://reels.creativecow.net/film/foul-water-fiery-serpent http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qwk-THcjmlI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=omudJzeX4q0&feature=fvst http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u4kQWvUv_Ns

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