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Emyr Reisha Isaura, Te-Chih Wong, Shwu-Huey Yang

Nutrition literacy and trend of double burden malnutrition in Indonesian adolescent since 1993-2014. Emyr Reisha Isaura, Te-Chih Wong, Shwu-Huey Yang. Outline. Background Objective Methods Results Discussion Conclusion Suggestion. Background. WHO, 2014. Indonesia NCDs country profile.

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Emyr Reisha Isaura, Te-Chih Wong, Shwu-Huey Yang

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  1. Nutrition literacy and trend of double burden malnutrition in Indonesian adolescent since 1993-2014 Emyr Reisha Isaura, Te-Chih Wong, Shwu-Huey Yang

  2. Outline • Background • Objective • Methods • Results • Discussion • Conclusion • Suggestion

  3. Background WHO, 2014

  4. Indonesia NCDs country profile WHO, 2014

  5. Risk factors “Along with other lifestyle choices and genetic predisposition, excessive intake of calories is one of the main common factors behind those conditions and risk factors” Kolčić, 2014

  6. The Double Burden of Malnutrition WHO, 2015

  7. Double burden of malnutrition is a growing concern in Indonesia • In 2008, 37.2% of children under the age of five are stunted • In 2013 Indonesian national survey, the prevalence of combined stunting and overweight/obesity in adolescence as 6.8%, a higher prevalence than that of children who were of healthy body height but who were overweight or obese 5.1%. • The public awareness is low , which means low nutrition literacy BPS, 2013

  8. Objective 1993 - 2014 To describe the trends of the Indonesian adolescence body mass index according to nutrition status related with the double burden malnutrition

  9. Subject and Methods • Subject : • Adolescence aged 15-19 years old • Normal (without physical disability) • Not pregnant/breastfeeding • Methods: • Cross-sectional • Data from Indonesian Family Life Surveys (IFLS) in Indonesia (1993-2014) • Body weight, body height • Body mass index (BMI),based on 2007 WHO Growth Standards • Overweight/obesity was defined as >85th percentiles • Underweight were defined as <15th percentiles

  10. Exclusion criteria • Aged <15 or >19 • Having physical disability • Sickness/refuse • Pregnant/breastfeeding • Missing data • No body weight/height • No sex

  11. Results

  12. Discussion • Unequally distribution related to the population’s economic condition • Domestic economic problem  food security problem  food insecurity on several areas  malnutrition problem Indonesia national statistical data, 2015 • “Shortness is not the real problem. When it comes to stunting, other processes in the body are also stunted, such as brain development, which affects intelligence” Achadi, 2015 • May lead to poorer health outcomes particularly related to NCDs prevention and management • Education and income protect Indonesians from being undernourished. Hanandita and Tampubolon, 2015

  13. Conclusion • The existence of the double burden malnutrition from 1993-2014 which remain increase in Indonesia. • Understanding the risks associated with and the causes of the DBM is not an easy task, not only because of the complexity of the issue but also because of the rapidly evolving situation in most low- and middle-income countries • People with better the nutrition literacy would have more appropriate BMI.

  14. Suggestion • So, the combination of management of concurrent under and over nutrition through the compulsory education curriculum to increase the nutrition literacy as the prevention of the non-communicable diseases could be a policy solution.

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