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Review. 1865 – Civil War End Late 1800s – Early 1900s (19 th to 20 th Century) Reconstruction Industrialization Immigration Move West Gilded Age -> Progressive Movement Discrimination -> Great Migration WWI Roaring 20s The Great Depression. The Fed. The Great Depression No Jobs
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Review • 1865 – Civil War End • Late 1800s – Early 1900s (19th to 20th Century) • Reconstruction • Industrialization • Immigration • Move West • Gilded Age -> Progressive Movement • Discrimination -> Great Migration • WWI • Roaring 20s • The Great Depression
The Fed • The Great Depression • No Jobs • No Banks • NO MONEY • WORLD economy collapses • ANSWER – Gov’t gives money to the people • Federal Reserve (The Fed) = Gov’t bank • US Gov’t borrows money from The Fed • Gets the money to the people • THE NEW DEAL • Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
FDR is elected US President (1932) • Famous Speech: • “The only thing to fear is fear itself.” • The economy still works • BUT people are worried = not spending • New Deal • WPA • AAA • FDIC • Social Security
FDR’s New Deal • WPA • Public Works Project • Gov’t pays citizens to: • Build Roads, Bridges, Buildings, Schools, etc. • Musicians, artists, writers, actors and directors • AAA • Gov’t pays farmers NOT to plant • Supply DOWN -> Price UP • Farmers no longer living in poverty • FDIC • Gov’t will protect your money in the bank • People feel safe using banks again • Social Security • Everyone must pay into retirement • Elderly and Disabled = money
Meanwhile in Europe… • USA busy fixing our own problems • Fascist Dictators overthrow gov’t in Europe and abuse people • Mussolini (Italy) • Hitler (Germany) • Stalin (Russia) • Franco (Spain) • Military (Japan)
Rise of Dictators • Fascism • Militant Political Movement • Emphasized • Loyalty to the nation (extreme nationalism) • Obedience to the leader • Belief • Do not care about individual rights or democracy • Do not care about communism or capitalism • Its all about making the nation strong • Totalitarian gov’t • Violence, War, and Imperialism are necessary
Fascists Plan • Tariffs (tax on importing/exporting) are preventing trade with other nations • Need to sell to more people • Solution – Conquer new land • Hitler (NAZI Germany) • People Need a Job = Military • Military need something to do – Fight! • Hitler takes: • Rhineland • Austria • Sudetenland • Czechoslovakia