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C0nservative Domination

C0nservative Domination. Ariana Sellers. Great Britain: Rule of the Tories. Aristocratic landowning classes dominate both houses of Parliament. Two different political groups in Parliament: the Tories, and the Whigs. Tories: controlled by the government.

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C0nservative Domination

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  1. C0nservative Domination Ariana Sellers

  2. Great Britain: Rule of the Tories • Aristocratic landowning classes dominate both houses of Parliament. • Two different political groups in Parliament: the Tories, and the Whigs. • Tories: controlled by the government. • Whigs: receives support from the industrious middle class. • Economic difficulties causes Tory government to enforce “Corn Law”. • Extra tariffs = protests = Peterloo Massacre in Manchester.

  3. Restoration in France • Bourbon’s return to the throne of France through Louis XVIII. • Louis believed the Civil Code, and equality before the law. • Ultraroyalists criticize Louis for sticking to the features of the Napoleonic era. • New legislature made up by the Chamber of Peers and the Chamber of the Deputies. • Louis XVIII succeeded by his bro Charles X. • Passes initiative to the ultraroyalists. • Liberal newspapers = public outrage = king forced to accept ministerial responsibility. • King breaks his commitment and France is now on the brink of another revolution.

  4. Intervention in the Italian States and Spain • In Spain, Bourbon’s return to the crown through Ferdinand VII. • Ferdinand agrees to the Liberal Constitution of 1812 ….. But then he changes his mind and persecutes the Cortes. • Middle-class merchants revolt and the king surrenders. • JK! Metternich’s policy of intervention allows army to invade and they force the revolutionary government to flee.

  5. Repression in Central Europe • Germany professors and students organized Burschenschaften. • Metternich closed the Burschenschaften with the Karlsbad Decrees of 1819 using the Germanic Confederation.

  6. Russia: Autocracy of the Tsars • Alexander I seemed like he would be willing to make reforms because of the Enlightenment, but after Napoleon’s defeat he became strict. • Secret Societies like the Northern Union opposed Alexander. • The Northern Union revolted when Alexander died and the throne was passed to his brother Nicholas, but some troops defeated them. • Nicholas was scared of another revolt so he became a full fledge reactionary. • Strengthened bureaucracy, secret police, and political police.

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