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Abstract

Parts of a Research Article Adapted from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association , 6th Ed. (2010) Prepared by Eric Warren STCC Library 4/10. Abstract. Summarizes contents of article Should be brief, readable and concise

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Abstract

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  1. Parts of a Research ArticleAdapted from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th Ed. (2010)Prepared by Eric WarrenSTCC Library4/10

  2. Abstract • Summarizes contents of article • Should be brief, readable and concise • Contains keywords so that the abstract may be searched

  3. Example of an abstract • Abstract: “Alternative therapeutics focuses on removing barriers blocking the body's ability to regulate itself. Use of hands on therapies such as massage, acupressure and chiropractic are indicative of this. Various physical healing techniques are examined and their usefulness is evaluated.”

  4. Introduction • Introduces the problem to be addressed • Develops the background of the research • States the purpose and rationale

  5. Literature Review • Sometimes included in the introduction • Reviews relevant findings from previous researchers • Is usually fairly brief -- depends on how much research has been done

  6. Hypothesis • Can be included in the introduction (see “purpose and rationale”) • Statement of “the problem” • Should be succinct and to the point

  7. Methods • Sometimes divided into subsections • Includes information about the participants or subjects, who they are and how and why they were chosen • Might include age, gender, race/ethnicity, as well as characteristics such as socioeconomic status, disability status, and sexual orientation

  8. Methods (continued) • Describes apparatus, materials, equipment, etc. • Summarizes the procedures used • Should contain enough detail to allow a reader to reasonably replicate your study

  9. Results • Summarizes the data and justifies the conclusions reached • Could include tables, graphs, and other representations of the data • Describes statistical methods used

  10. Discussion • Sometimes included with the results (“Results and Discussion”) • Evaluates and interprets the implications of the results • If appropriate, might included commentary about the importance of the findings

  11. References and Notes • Includes sources cited in the text • Follows standard citation procedures (i.e. APA or MLA style) • Author Notes identify each author’s affiliation, identifies source(s) of financial support, shows readers who to contact for more information

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