1 / 26

The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882

The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882. Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann. The visibility circumstances of the transit of Venus of 9 December 1874. Begin of the transit 1:49 UT. End of the transit 6:26 UT. Frederik Kaiser (1808-1872).

jemma
Download Presentation

The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Dutch Transit of Venus Expeditions of 1874 and 1882 Robert van Gent, Anne Zandstra, Hans Hooijmaijers & Klaus Staubermann

  2. The visibility circumstances of the transit of Venus of 9 December 1874 Begin of the transit 1:49 UT End of the transit 6:26 UT

  3. Frederik Kaiser (1808-1872) Volkert S.M. van der Willigen (1822-1878)

  4. Transit of Venus expedition to Réunion (1874) • Location: Saint Denis, Ile de la Réunion (Indian Ocean) • Longitude 55° 27' 01.1" East • Latitude 20° 51' 35.3" South • Jean Abraham Chrétien Oudemans (1827-1906): Chief astronomer. Head Geodetic Survey of Java. Trained by Frederik Kaiser (director of Leiden Observatory from 1837 to 1872). Director of Utrecht Observatory from 1876 to 1895. • Pieter Jan Kaiser (1838-1916): Astronomer responsible for the photographic observations. Head Department of Verification of Nautical Instruments. Son of Frederik Kaiser. • Ernst Frederik van de Sande Bakhuyzen (1848-1918): Astronomer. Younger brother of Hendrik Gerard van de Sande Bakhuyzen (director of Leiden Observatory from 1872 to 1908). Director of Leiden Observatory from 1908 to 1918. • Hendrik Theodorus Soeters (1842-1879): Assistant of J.A.C. Oudemans. Engineer Geodetic Survey of Java. • Marinus Bernardus Rost van Tonningen (1852-1927): Photographer assigned to assist P.J. Kaiser. • T.F. Blanken: First mate. Dealt with shipping matters and other odd jobs.

  5. Shipping routes of the Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes (Archives Leiden Observatory)

  6. Main Instruments carried to Réunion (1874) • Photoheliograph by Dallmeyer (Teyler's Stichting, Haarlem) • Refractor by Utzschneider & Fraunhofer (Mrs. de Beaufort-Stoop) • Merz heliometer (Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen/Haarlem & Bataafsch Genootschap/Rotterdam) • Steinheil refractor (Leiden Observatory) • Airy double-image micrometer (Leiden Observatory) • Astronomical timekeeper by Fraunhofer & Utzschneider (Leiden Observatory) • 14 chronometers (Topographical Survey of Java: Hohwü 394, 455, 502 & 514, Schmidt 325 & 334; Teyler's Stichting: Knoblich 1700; Leiden Observatory: Kiek & Casseres 547, 549 & 556, Hohwü 568, 591 & 594, Arnold 418) • 2 universal instruments (Topographical Survey of Java: Repsold and Pistor & Martins) • 3 heliotropes (Leiden Observatory & Polytechnic Institute Delft) • 2 models of the transit of Venus by Boosman (Leiden Observatory)

  7. Refractor by Utzschneider & Fraunhofer lent by mrs. Anna Alida de Beaufort-Stoop Ø = 9.6 cm; f = 160 cm Museum Boerhaave, Leiden

  8. Chronometer by Knoblich & Krille (Altona) Teylers Museum, Haarlem

  9. Model of a Transit of Venus by Willem Boosman (Museum Boerhaave, Leiden)

  10. P.J. Kaiser’s 1862 thesis on the use of photography in astronomy

  11. Photoheliograph by John Henry Dallmeyer (London) Ø = 10.0 cm, f = 230 cm Plate size = 16.3 × 16.3 cm Mounting by H. Olland (Utrecht) Teylers Museum, Haarlem

  12. Plate measuring engine by Repsold & Söhne (Museum Boerhaave, Leiden)

  13. Sketch map of Reunion (Archives Leiden Observatory)

  14. Sketch map of Saint-Denis Archives Leiden Observatory

  15. Living quarters in Saint-Denis (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

  16. The members of the 1874 transit of Venus expedition Standing (f.l.t.r.): P.J. Kaiser, M.B. Rost van Tonningen, T.F. Blanken(?) Seated (f.l.t.r.): J.A.C. Oudemans, H.T. Soeters(?), E.F. van de Sande Bakhuyzen

  17. Observation camp in Saint-Denis (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

  18. Observation camp in Saint-Denis (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

  19. Present-day view of the observation camp (photograph Dominique Tournès)

  20. “A day with the natives” (Archives Utrecht Observatory)

  21. Telegram & transcript of the results (Archives Leiden Observatory)

  22. The visibility circumstances of the transit of Venus of 6 December 1882 Begin of the transit 13:57 UT End of the transit 20:15 UT

  23. Transit of Venus expedition to Curaçao (1882) • Location: Fort Nassau, Willemstad, Curaçao (West Indies) • Longitude 68° 56' 17" West • Latitude 12° 07' 30" North • Paulus Hendricus Brocx (1856-1933): Chief observer. Naval officer 2nd class. Son of Lodewijk Gerard Brocx, Minister of Naval Affairs from 1868 to 1873. • Pieter Cornelis Swaan (1857-1931): Assistant. Naval officer 2nd class. • H. Lelyveld: Assistant. Second mate.

  24. Propeller steam ship 3rd class Alkmaar (Maritime Museum, Amsterdam)

More Related