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Group 4

Reliability and factorial validity of squat and countermovement jump tests. Goran Markovic , Drazan Dizdar , Igor Jukic , Marco Cardinale. Group 4. Purpose. Brief details: *Subjects performed different jumping protocols

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Group 4

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  1. Reliability and factorial validity of squat and countermovement jump tests.GoranMarkovic, DrazanDizdar, Igor Jukic, Marco Cardinale Group 4

  2. Purpose • Brief details: *Subjects performed different jumping protocols *Subjects were 93 college-age men that were physically active, and had experience in explosive activities such as jumping.

  3. Purpose • Expectations: • Hypothesis: Vertical jumping tests performed on the contact matwere the most valid ones.

  4. Purpose • To find out the liability &factorial validity of SJ & CMJ test are measured in a large sample. • To answer what the validity of different methods for the estimation of vertical jump height. • Whether these tests were reliable &valid & which were the most valid for testing vertical jumping ability.

  5. Methods • Participants • University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia • Physical Education students (n=93) • Healthy college aged men • Age 19.6± 2.1 years • Body mass 77.1±7.5kg • Height 180.3±6.6cm • Body fat 10.8±1.6% • All participants were physically active • Sufficient experience in explosive activities such as jumping • All subjects were not involved in competitive activities

  6. Methods • Task • 7 explosive power tests • 5 vertical jumps, 2 horizontal jumps • Sargent Jump: standard vertical jump test utilizing a Vertec (jump and reach) • Abalakow’s Jump: squat to 90º followed by an explosive vertical jump with and without arm swing • Squat Jump: static semisquatting position without countermovement • Countermovement Jump: allowed to perform countermovement prior to jump • Standing Long Jump: standard horizontal jump for distance • Standing Triple Jump: standard triple jump for distance

  7. Methods • Measurement • Sargent Jump:jump and reach test utilizing a Vertec, jump height determined by subtracting standing reach height from jumping reach height • Abalokow’s Jump: measured utilizing a specially constructed belt with the measuring tape attached to the waist of the subject • Squat Jump and CMJ: measured utilizing jump mat which records flight time and contact time taking into account the acceleration of gravity • SLJ & STJ: distance from starting point to the landing point at heal contact

  8. Methods • Procedure • Participants were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 24 • Every group tested separately between 10:00am and 1:00pm on 4 separate days • First 3 session: 2 jump tests • Last session: 1 jump test • All session performed in random order at beginning of academic year • Participants instructed to avoid any strenuous physical activity during duration of experiment and maintain dietary habits • All jumping performance preceded by 15 minute warm up • 5 min run at own pace • Calisthenics • 10 squats • 10 heel raises • 5 SJs • 5 CMJs • Each test measured with 3 trials • 1 minute rest interval between trails • 15 minute rest interval between tests

  9. External Validity • Primary scope was to find the correlation of these tests as a representation of the population as a whole. • Subjects are generalized to healthy college age men who have sufficient experience in activities such as jumping • Performed between 10am and 4pm on each day for 4 days • 1st day: sargent jump, SLJ • 2nd day: squat jump, STJ • 3rd day: CMJ, abalakow vertical jump w/arm swing • 4th day: vertical jump w/o arm swing

  10. External Validity Issues • Is the study intended to be generalized to the population as a whole? • Are the only people interested in this data college age men? • Would findings generalize to women? • Would findings generalize to sedentary individuals? • Would findings generalize to people outside of the subjects’ age group? • Does the time of day or day of week suit all subjects? • Would the results generalize if the tests were all performed the same day?

  11. Construct Validity • Translational ‘Face’ tests:-we want leg power, and we are jumping...seems sane..... -SJ and CMJ are assumed to be accepted movements for testing -possibility for mechanical error in performance? -a LOT of other tests (not just SJ and CMJ) -can you 'cheat' the technology? If you could, what would you really be measuring? • Criterion-related: • -Predictive Validity • -Not really trying to ‘predict ‘anything ; we would need comparison to some other measure of leg power in order to determine predictive validity • Concurrent Validity • -none; there is no other group of physically active men’ being compared to in this study.

  12. Construct Validity • Convergent/Divergent Validity • -reliability of their own calculations is thoroughly examined through use of correlation measures • -it seems they compare their numbers to other studies 'CV values lower than other authors‘ so we are assuming that they think their results are valid by comparison -they discount most of their tests themselves, then use that logic to go with SJ/CMJ • (would rather they use other outside sources/reasoning to say why these two tests are best measurement)?

  13. Construct Validity • -I see no problem with how they defined their construct. • -there are multiple tests that they use, so I do not believe there is mono operation bias • - I am not sure if there is mono method bias; I am not sure exactly how they are claiming to compare to other measures of explosive leg power • -I do not believe there were any interaction threats • I think one of the larger threats looms from confounding levels of the construct; is jumping the only real measure? Is jumping just a facet of power (one particular application)

  14. Internal Validity • Design • R X7 • R X7 • R X7 • R X7 • Use of random assignment and four groups suggests only social threats; however, the tests were different each day, so not a concern if subjects talked between tests. • Testing sessions performed in random order at beginning of school year, so subjects not involved in activities yet. • There is very little evidence to suggest that internal validity is relevant.

  15. Results • Among all jumping tests, the SJ and CMJ had the greatest reliability. • The SJ and CMJ tests also had the greatest AVR and ICC. • Greatest vertical jump height was the SAR test. • The lowest vertical jump height was the SJ as expected.

  16. Results • The results of the fact analysis indicate that all tests have a similar measurement.

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