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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. Chapter 7 “Cellular Respiration”. Glycolysis & Fermentation. Aerobic Respiration. AKA OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE. Cellular Respiration Overview. A process where organisms break down food to make ATP EVERYONE DOES IT!!! Overall Reaction:

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration Chapter 7 “Cellular Respiration” Glycolysis & Fermentation Aerobic Respiration AKA OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE

  2. Cellular Respiration Overview • A process where organisms break down food to make ATP • EVERYONE DOES IT!!! • Overall Reaction: • C6H12O6+6O2 6CO2+6H2O+Energy (ATP) • Anaerobic Path (no O2), 2 Steps: net 2 ATP • Not efficient • Glycolysis • Fermentation: Lactic Acid or Alcoholic • Aerobic Path (O2), 3 Steps: net 36 ATP • Glycolysis • Krebs cycle • Electron Transport Chain

  3. Overview, cont. 2 ATP 36 ATP

  4. Glycolysis • Location: cytoplasm • Products: • 2 pyruvate (3-C) • 2 NADH (e- acceptors) • 4 ATP – 2 ATP used = 2 ATP net NEXT STEP VARIES IF 02 IS PRESENT OR ABSENT

  5. Lactic Acid Location: cytoplasm Products: Regenerates NAD+ Lactic Acid Uses: Food production: cheese & yogurt Muscle cells (i.e. sprint) Alcoholic Location: cytoplasm Products: Regenerate NAD+ Ethyl Alcohol CO2 Yeast & some plant cells Uses: Wine & beer Bread making Fermentation: Without O2

  6. Lactic Acid Fermentation

  7. Alcoholic Fermentation

  8. Quick Review

  9. Aerobic Respiration (O2) Overview • 2 Steps: • Krebs Cycle (KC) • Electron transport chain (ETC) • Location: • Prokaryotes: KC & ETC in cytosol • Eukaryotes: • KC: mitochondrial matrix • ETC: inner mitochondrial membrane • Products: • KC: 6NADH, 2FADH2, 2ATP, 4CO2 • ETC: 34 ATP

  10. Mitochondrion

  11. Krebs Cycle • Start: Pyruvic Acid (PA) enters matrix • PA + Acetyl Coenzyme A Acetyl CoA (2-C) & CO2 • Yields NADH Transition Step

  12. Stop! Let’s Do Some Accounting Work!

  13. Electron Transport Chain • NADH & FADH2 release H+ & e- to make ATP • e- released energy pump H+ between 2 membranes • Chemiosmosis: generates ATP • O2 final electron acceptor + e- + H+ Produces H2O • Regenerate NAD+ & FAD http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/cellularrespiration.html

  14. “Cash In Values” • Each NADH = 3 ATP • Each FADH2 = 2 ATP

  15. Energy Yield/Efficiency Calculations!!

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