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Week 3: Hematopoiesis

Erythrocyte Leukocyte Platelet Plasma and serum Stem cell theory. Hemoglobin Hematocrit Anticoagulant EDTA. Week 3: Hematopoiesis. Blood. Circulate O 2 , nutrients, heat, etc. Erythrocyte Leukocyte Platelet (thrombocyte) Plasma and serum. Inside of a blood vessel SEM x 2,500.

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Week 3: Hematopoiesis

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  1. Erythrocyte Leukocyte Platelet Plasma and serum Stem cell theory Hemoglobin Hematocrit Anticoagulant EDTA Week 3: Hematopoiesis

  2. Blood • Circulate O2, nutrients, heat, etc. • Erythrocyte • Leukocyte • Platelet (thrombocyte) • Plasma and serum

  3. Inside of a blood vessel SEM x 2,500

  4. Anticoagulant • Chelate Ca++ ions • EDTA • Citrate • Inhibit clotting enzyme • Heparin • Inhibit glycolysis • Fluoride

  5. Erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes SEM x1,825

  6. Stem Cell Theory • Pleuripotential stem cell • Blast cells • Differentiation and maturation • Release into circulation

  7. Recycling Old Cells • RBCs have 120-day life span • Reticulo-endothelial system removes old and damaged cells • Hemoglobin is made of Fe++, porphyrin ring, and globin chains • Fe++ and globin chains (amino acids) are recycled, but porphyrin ring is eliminated

  8. Red Cell Production • Oxygen tension • Level of erythropoietin EPO • Need for more red cells (during growth, recovering from anemia)

  9. Hemoglobin • Normal adult Hb A • 2  globin chains • 2 b globin chains • Heme: porphyrin plus Fe++ • Minor Hb’s • 22: Hb A2 • a2g2: Hb F

  10. Kinds of Hemoglobin • Oxyhemoglobin: O2 • Reduced (deoxy-) hemoglobin: no O2 • Methemoglobin: oxidized • Carboxyhemoglobin: 218 times affinity to CO than O2 • Sulfhemoglobin: sulfa drugs

  11. Hb Problems • Heme production problem: porphyria • Fe++ problems: IDA, hemochromatosis • Globin problem: sickle cell disease, thalassemia

  12. Hb Test • Reference ranges: • Male 14.0 - 17.0 g% • Female 12.0 - 15.0 g% • Cyanomethemoglobin method • Drabkin’s reagent - ferricyanide • Coulter Hemoglobinometer

  13. Hematocrit • Reference ranges • Male 42 - 52% • Female 36 - 46% • Packed cell volume • Modern instruments calculate Hct from RBC and average cell size

  14. Correlation • Internal QC Hb x 3 ≈ Hct ± 3

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