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Interpreting The CBC

Interpreting The CBC. Francisco F. Lopez, MD The 2005 Advanced Medical Underwriting Course January 14, 2005. Outline. Definition Microcytic anemia Normocytic anemia Macrocytic anemia Algorithm. Definition.

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Interpreting The CBC

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  1. Interpreting The CBC Francisco F. Lopez, MD The 2005 Advanced Medical Underwriting Course January 14, 2005

  2. Outline • Definition • Microcytic anemia • Normocytic anemia • Macrocytic anemia • Algorithm

  3. Definition Complete Blood Count is a blood test obtained in the peripheral vein that gives us a numerical value of the white and red cells and platelets, and a picture of what is going on in the bone marrow.

  4. The CBC Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV): the average volume of the red cells hematoctirt (L/L) x 1000 / red cell count (x1012/L) normocytic, microcytic, macrocytic Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH): A measure of the hemoglobin concentration per red cell hemoglobin (g/L) / red cell count (x1012/L) Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC): The average concentration of hemoglobin per red cell hemoglobin (g/dL) / hematocrit (L/L) Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW): The range of red cell sizes measured within a sample

  5. Case # 1 68y/o male with a cc: anemia and SOB. No melena or hematochezia. PE: unremarkable Hgb 10 hct 31 rbc 3.99 MCV 77.6 retic 2.2% Iron 2.8 (low), feritin 4.22 (low) TIBC 84 (high)

  6. Case # 2 40y/o female cc: SOB x 1 week She was brought to the ER of AHMC

  7. Laboratory test WBC 12.1 (4.5 – 11 x 109/L) RBC 2.18 (3.8 – 5.3 x 109/L) Hgb 62 (120 – 160 g/ L) Hct 0.175 (0.35 – 0.47) MCV 80.2 (73 – 103 fL) Platelet 212 (140-440 x 109/L)

  8. Laboratory tests Iron 15.3 umol/L (6.6 – 30.4) TIBC 84 umol/L (44.8 – 80.6) Ferritin 362.9 ng/ml (11 – 306.8) Retic count 3.4% (0.5 – 1.5%) Peripheral smear: anisocytosis and poikilocytosis, normochromic ESR 119 (0.0 – 20 mm/hr)

  9. Laboratory tests Urea 40.9 (2.5 6.1) Creatinine 1348 (62 – 106) Tx: dialysis

  10. Case # 3 67 y/o male admitted at AHMC because of dizziness. He was ruled out for any cardiac or neurologic diseases. No gastrointestinal bleeding. Weight loss of 5 pounds. PE: normal Labs: Hgb 11.7; LDH 1184; Reticulocyte count 1.4; stool for occult blood negative

  11. Vit B12 50 (low) TSH normal Folate normal Rx: methycobal 500mcg IM

  12. Summary The CBC gives us a picture of what is going on in the bone marrow Not all anemia should be treated with iron Further diagnostic tests should be pursued to determine the cause of the anemia.

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