Distracted Driving

1. Attention Attendees: • Thank you for attending! • The presentation will start in a few minutes at 1:00 PM Central. • Please use your computer speakers to listen to the event. If you have audio issues, dial-in info is below. • You will be muted during the event. • Please use the Question feature to text questions to “Q & A”. We’ll try to answer them during the Q&A period if they are not covered in the presentation. • The slides and recording will be posted within 7 days at: http://www.jjkeller.com/nptcinfo Distracted Driving This webcast will cover ... How to develop and implement policies and procedures to reduce the incidence of distracted driving, Regulations on the use of electronic in-cab devices that lead to distraction, How to educate drivers on the risks associated with distracted driving, and Question & Answer Moderator Dr. Gary Petty, President & CEO, NPTC Panelists Tom Moore, CTP, Senior Vice President, NPTC Tom Bray, Sr. Editor – Transportation Management, J. J. Keller & Associates, Inc. Brian Holley, Director of Transportation, Whiteline Express, Ltd.

2. Dr. Gary Petty President & CEO National Private Truck Council

3. Introduction • Policy and Procedure Best Practices –Tom Moore • Regulations – Tom Bray • Whiteline’s Program – Brian Holley • Housekeeping issues: • You will be muted during the event. • Please use the Question feature to text questions to the Q&A Panelist. We’ll try to answer them during the Q&A period if they are not covered in the presentation. • If you lose sound at any point, you can dial-in by phone using the number and Pass Code listed below. • If you lose the program window and need to re-loginbe sure to enter a different e-mail address to avoid being denied access for multiple logins. Gary Petty National Private Truck Council

4. Introduction and Disclaimers • This is an introductory course and is intended to highlight important safety and compliance topics. Time constraints limit our ability to go in depth. • We invite you to ask questions. We will answer them throughout today’s webcast. Gary Petty National Private Truck Council

5. Tom Moore, CTP Senior Vice President National Private Truck Council

6. What is Distracted Driving? • Any activity that could divert a person's attention away from the primary task of driving • A secondary or tertiary task that takes away from the driver’s ability to perform the primary task • Examples include: • Texting • Using a cell phone or smartphone • Eating and drinking • Grooming • Reading, including maps • Using a navigation system • Watching a video • Adjusting a radio, CD player, or MP3 player Source: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI) Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

7. “Glances” • Drivers texting while driving were looking away from the road 4.6 seconds out of every 6 seconds. • Without the driver looking, the vehicle traveled: • 371 feet at 55 mph • 439 feet at 65 mph Source: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI) Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council 55 mph 65 mph

8. Key Facts & Statistics • In 2011, 3,331 people were killed in crashes involving a distracted driver, compared to 3,267 in 2010. • An additional 387,000 people were injured • Nearly 80 percent of crashes and 65 percent of near-crashes involved some form of driver inattention within three seconds before the event (NHTSA). • Text messaging creates a crash risk 23 times worse than driving while not distracted (VTTI). Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

9. Mitigating Distracted Driving • Carriers need to consider a “six-step process” to stop distracted driving • Have a policy forbidding texting, hand-held cell phone use, and other distractions • Educate • Enforce the policy • Verify compliance – inspect what you expect • Use technology to help with compliance and enforcement • Be willing to let go of problem personnel Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

10. Step One: Policy • Have a policy that clearly states: • Employee is to be focused on the driving tasks when driving, nothing else • No texting while driving • No use of hand-held cell phones • Include operations (and other employees) in the policy, not just the drivers • Include all employees on company business • A solid policy can protect everyone involved Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

11. Step Two: Education • Educate and train all affected by the policy – need to change behaviors • Send information home • Involve drivers -- ask drivers to become ambassadors • Use of an in-cab/in-vehicle sticker or decal can reinforce your company’s texting/calling policy Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

12. Step Three: Enforcement • Make sure enforcement policy is communicated and understood by all • No mercy: Violate policy = punished • High likelihood of getting caught and punished is what changes behaviors Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

13. Step Four: Verify • Check incoming text and call times versus driving times • Make sure employees KNOW that the verification is taking place Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

14. Step Five: Use Technology • Have on-board communications systems that shut down when the vehicle is in motion • Add-ons available for text-based and cell phone based systems that shut down device when in motion • Consider using a system that “alerts” the driver to stop and check for messages if you do need “instant communications” • Consider “text to voice” systems • Consider requesting that drivers have the same on their personal phones Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

15. Step Six: Let Them Go • If a employee will not comply with the policy after being warned and disciplined, let the employee go Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

16. Tom Bray Sr. Editor, Transportation Management J. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

17. NTSB Example • Tractor-trailer crossed the median • Struck van with 12 people in it • Truck driver and 10 of the 12 in the van were killed • Driver had used his cell phone for calls and text messages while driving 69 times in the previous 24-hours • Most recent call placed when accident happened Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

18. Earliest Official Action • On January 27, 2010, FMCSA banned texting using handheld devices • Done by publishing an official interpretation to §390.17 (use of additional equipment in commercial vehicles) • Commercial vehicle as defined in §390.5 (10,001 pounds or more, etc.) • “Texting” was defined as: “The review of, or preparation and transmission of, a typed message” Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

19. Texting Regulation • Proposed rule published April 1, 2010 • Final rule went into effect October 27, 2010 (proposal to final rule in 6 months) • Expanded definition of “texting” to include any activity involving the input of letters or numbers into an electronic device • Exceptions were using a GPS, dialing a cell phone*, using a device that has multiple functions as long as it does not involve texting, and contacting emergency services • * This exception was removed in later rulemaking Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

20. Texting Regulation • Still in effect • Has undergone slight change due to cell phone regulation (removal of exception) • Can be found at §392.80 • Penalties • Up to $2,750 for driver (on top of state fine) • Up to $11,000 for carrier • Disqualification for multiple violations Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

21. Cell Phone Regulation • Proposed rule published December 21, 2010 • Final rule was published December 2, 2011 • §392.82 prohibits the use of hand-held cell phones while operating any commercial vehicle • Driver cannot: • Hold the phone when using it • Dial the phone (one button “dialing” and answering is allowed) • Leave the normal driving position to reach for or answer the phone • Only exception is contacting emergency services Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

22. “Single Touch” • To legally answer or initiate a call, the driver must be able to do it with a single touch • Driver cannot hold the phone, push multiple buttons, or push a button multiple times to answer or initiate a call • Myth: Phone has to be “mounted” within driver’s reach… • As long as the driver does not have to hold it or leave the normal driving position to push a button, wherever it is in the cab is acceptable • Other option is to get off of the road Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

23. What About Push-to-Talk (PTT)? • PTT phones treated the same as any other cell phone • Driver cannot hold it in his/her hand • No dialing • Driver cannot “leave the driving position” to get phone or answer it • “Hands-free” or “remote switch” option can allow use of PTT phones Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

24. Cell Phone Regulation • Penalties • Up to $2,750 for driver (on top of state fine) • Up to $11,000 for carrier • Disqualification for multiple violations Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

25. Who Is Covered? • Same drivers as texting regulations • Drivers of ALL interstate commercial vehicles • 10,001 pounds or more • 8 or 15 passengers • Placardable HM • School bus drivers Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

26. Why are Carriers Held Responsible? • Extension of the FMCSA’s view of the employer/employee relationship (employer is responsible for, and must control, the employee) • It is not enough to just have a policy and say “we tried to stop it” • Carrier must actually stop their drivers from texting and using hand-held cell phones Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

27. Why Are CMV Drivers Being Singled Out? • The FMCSA only has jurisdiction over commercial vehicles being operated in commerce and their drivers • FMCSA has no jurisdiction over personal vehicles Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

28. Two Ways to Catch a Driver • Officer observes driver holding phone or texting • Post-crash investigation of driver’s cell phone records Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc.

29. Brian Holley Director of Transportation Whiteline Express Ltd.

30. Whiteline Express Ltd.Fleet Operations • Transportation and logistics division of Plastipak Holdings, Inc. • Established in 1983 • For Hire Authority • Equipment • 300 Tractors • 1,200 Trailers • 400 Employees • 5 Terminals • Supports 17 North America manufacturing sites • Move 100,000+ truckloads annually Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

31. Research Recommendations • The research recommended carriers: • Have a distracted driving policy and enforce it • Train drivers on the importance of good visual scanning patterns and the related hazard of distracted driving • Train drivers that non-driving tasksshould be taken care of when not driving Source: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI) Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

32. Establishing Company Policy • Our job is to mitigate risk. • Safety….. A core value, not just a program. • Who thinks training should just involve drivers? Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

33. Establishing Company Policy • Policy must be clearly defined • Goal of program is driver safety • What is and is not allowed • Consequences for violations 1. Written Counseling 2. Written Final Warning 3. Termination • Policy should be stand-alone – not buried in an employee handbook. • Policy should not just be about texting and cell phones • Must be consistent in application of policy • Reinforce policy on an ongoing basis • Establish monitoring program • “Tipster” hotline for drivers Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

34. Establishing Training Programs • Important to us, important to them • Make Safety Personal • How best to deliver the training? • Driver orientation/onboarding • Driver meetings • Payroll stuffers • Newsletter articles and tidbits • One-on-one conversations • Types of Training • Keep presentation slides simple, to the point • Classroom • Online training • One-on-One coaching • Remedial training Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

35. Managing Distractions • Educated drivers on stopping distance and reactiontime and how distractions affect both • Stress importance of pre-planning: • Route and directions • Fuel Stop • Paperwork • Program GPS in advance • Adjust mirrors beforehand • Encourage drivers to either turn off or silence their cell phones while driving • Organize, secure and keep driving area clean • Take break when tired or hungry Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

36. Dispatcher Training:Our Part in Keeping Our Drivers Safe • Prioritize what is important • Mission Critical • Safety Related • Process and systematic discipline • Utilize technology as intended!!! • Don’t skip processes and call driver “because it’s faster” • Ensure drivers are sending required information thru proper channels in timely manner. • Communication between departments and shifts. • Don’t waste time • Shift Notes Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

37. Driver Training:What is Distracted Driving? • “Distraction” is a specific type of inattention that occurs when drivers divert their attention from the driving task to focus on some other activity instead. It is worth noting that distraction is a subset of inattention (which also includes fatigue, physical conditions of the driver, and emotional conditions of the driver). Source: Overview of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Driver Distraction Program (DOT HS 811 299) Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

38. Driver Training: Types of Distractions Visual Distractions: Anything that takes your eyes off the road. Manual Distractions: Anything that takes your hands off the steering wheel. Cognitive Distractions: Anything that takes your mind off driving. Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

39. Driver Training: Be a Defensive Driver • Recognize hazardous driving situations • Assume other drivers will make mistakes • Make adjustments if a hazard develops • Look ahead for approaching hazards • Watch vehicles to your side and rear • Scan the road before changing speed or direction • Always use your turn signals • Drive with your lights on Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

40. Get some sleep Take breaks as needed Keep cab well ventilated Adjust your vehicle’s environment Eat a healthy meal before your start your trip Do not eat and drive Driver Training: Get Rest and Avoid Fatigue Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

41. Walk around your equipment Adjust mirrors Clean windows, mirrors, and lights Do your pre trip inspection Get directions or program your GPS before moving truck Take care of communications and paperwork beforehand Driver Training: Pre-Drive Preparation Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

42. Training Triangle INSTRUCT Brian HolleyWhiteline Express Initial COACH Refresher/Remedial OBSERVE Skill Maintenance

43. Make It Personal Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

44. Can’t Manage It, If You Don’t Measure It Brian HolleyWhiteline Express 28%

45. Using Data To Help Reduce Distracted Driving • Currently identify at risk drivers on historical basis • MVR • Accident Reporting • Log Violations • May not always indicate a driver with highest potential risk • Predictive analytics and data modeling • Advanced proactive risk management Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

46. How Can We Make It Easier For Our Drivers? • Understand the challenge... • Lock out on-board computer keyboard when tractors are in motion • Geo fencing (automated check calls) • E-logs • Upgrading our on-board computers for text to speech • Evolve to paperless operation • Training office and maintenance staff to recognize how they impact distracted driving • Become better listeners and communicators Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

47. Final Thoughts • Nothing is more important than our drivers and the public’s safety • Must recognize need to develop policy to help mitigate your risk • REMEMBER: How we train our people is how they will they will behave in the field • Enforce all safety rules in a consistent manner (What you don’t address, you condone!) Brian HolleyWhiteline Express

48. Question & Answer Please submit questions to“QA” using the Questions tool Tom BrayJ. J. Keller & Associates, Inc. Brian HolleyWhiteline Express Gary Petty National Private Truck Council Tom MooreNational Private Truck Council

49. Closing Remarks • Checkout the archive of past topics at: http://www.jjkeller.com/nptcinfo • PowerPoint slides and recording up in 1 week • Remaining topics for 2013: • May 8, 2013 - Effective Driver Vehicle Inspections • July 10, 2013 - DOT Drug & Alcohol Testing • October 2, 2013 - Physical Qualification of Drivers: DOT Physicals, CDLs and Med Cards, Functional Capacity Testing Gary Petty National Private Truck Council