Male Reproductive System

1. Male Reproductive System EQ: Identify the organs (internal & external) of the male repro system. Also, list concerns to the male repro system.

2. External Male Organs Scrotum Testes Penis

3. Scrotum • Pouch of skin that encloses the testes (protection). • It hangs down from the body in order to keep the testicles slightly cooler than the rest of the body. • The testes need this slightly decreased temperature in order to make sperm. • 3° cooler than the body temperature

5. Testes • Primary reproductive organ of the male (Gonads) • Function: • 1. Produce spermatozoa (sperm) from puberty till death. • 2. Produce the male hormones testosterone and androgens.

7. What if a boy has only one testicle? • Occasionally a male will be born with only one testis. Or, a boy may have a testis surgically removed due to disease, injury or an accident that crushed the testicle. The reproductive system can still work normally because the remaining testicle can produce enough sperm

8. Testes • Epididymis: Highly coiled tubule located on top of each testis, - place where the sperm fully mature& learn how to swim

9. Testes B. Sperm: contains ½ of the instructions needed for the development of a new human being. • Mature: 0.06 millimeters long • Head: Nucleus, consists of 23 chromosomes • Body • Tail: Propels the sperm cell through fluid.

11. Puberty • Produce sperm • Growth Spurt • Shoulders Widen • Muscles • Voice deepens • Lengthening and widening of the penis & enlargement of the testes • Hair growth (under arms, genitals & face • Unexpected emotions

12. Penis • Deposits sperm inside the female body. • Made of erectile tissue sounded by connective tissue • Erection: • Arteries enlarge allowing more blood to flow into the penis. • At the same time, some of the veins in the penis close or narrow so that less blood flows out. • Accumulated blood causes the penis to become large, longer, firmer and to point upward.

14. Penis • Ejaculation: • Process by which semen leaves the males body. • Muscles around the urethra and base of the penis contract. • The contraction moves the sperm out of the body. • When a male ejaculates, he is said to have an orgasm. • Volume: 2-6 milliliters • 120 million/milliliter • Orgasm: Pleasurable sense of physiological and psychological release. • Female: Rhythmic contractions that help transport sperm cells through the female reproductive tract for fertilization.

15. Penis • Circumcision: • Operation in which the foreskin (fold of skin) is cut from around the tip of the penis in order to decrease irritation. Usually done when a male is 8-10 days old. Circumcised or not the penis function in exactly the same way. Uncircumcised: the male should pull the foreskin back when they wash. Cleaning prevents the buildup of a secretion that can cause irritation and odor.

17. Internal Male Reproductive Organs Vas Deferens Seminal Vesicles Prostate Cowper's Gland Urethra

18. Vas Deferens • Tube that leads from the epididymis to the urethra; 45 centimeters long

19. Seminal Vesicles • Saclike structure attached to the vas deferens. • Secretes fluids • This fluid contains nutrients that are sugary to provide energy to the sperm cells • Secretion is added to sperm cells during emission

21. Prostate • Gland that secrete a thin, milky fluid, • enhances the ability to move sperm cells.

22. Cowper’s GlandBulbourethral Glands • Secretes a fluid that lubricates the penis in preparation for sexual intercourse. • Release small amounts of fluid prior to ejaculation. • Contains some sperm. Withdrawal prior to ejaculation is not a reliable method of birth control. • Semen:Sperm cells and the secretion of fluids from the Seminal Vesicles, Prostrate Gland and Cowper’s Gland. • Volume of semen released is about 2-6 milliliters • Average amount of sperm is about 120 million per milliliter

24. Urethra • Tube in which both the urine and semen leave the body. • 6 inches long

25. Male Reproductive System

26. Concerns about the male reproductive system Nocturnal Emissions Inguinal Hernia Sterility Testicular Cancer Prostate Cancer

27. Nocturnal Emissions • Ejaculation while a male is sleeping. • More common in teenagers due to the level of testosterone increasing and decreasing unpredictably.

28. Inguinal Hernia • Sometimes part of an intestine push into the scrotum through a weakness in the abdominal wall • Can be painful and usually require surgery to correct.

29. Sterility (infertility) • Unable to reproduce • Men; too few sperm or has sperm that are unable to fertilize an egg. • Cause: Exposure to harmful drugs, x rays, Testicular mumps (disease), or genetic disorders.

30. Testicular Cancer • Cancer of the testes • Most common in males between the ages of 15-35. • Detected early can be treated • Monthly examination of their testes.

31. How to Do a Testicular Self-Examination • 1. The best time to do the examination is after a warm bath or shower, when the scrotum is relaxed. • 2. Stand in front if a mirror and look for any swelling of the scrotum. • 3. Check for any lumps, enlargements. Tenderness, or changes in texture by rolling each testicle gently between your thumb and fingers. • 4. If you notice any abnormalities, report them to your doctor. In order to detect abnormalities as soon as possible, self-examinations should be performed monthly.

32. Prostate Cancer • Prostate enlarges • Risk factors include fatty diet or having an vasectomy • The enlargement may be benign (harmless) or cancerous. • CAUSES PAINFUL URINATION!!!! • NEARLY 100% treatable if detected early. • Older men are more likely to get cancer of the prostate gland. • Most common cancer in American males, as well as the second most common cause of deaths due to cancer in American males.