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Chapter 3 Hazardous Materials Identification

Chapter 3 Hazardous Materials Identification All presentation sources are used in accordance with the Multimedia Fair Use Guidelines and are not for copying and pasting by other users. Hazardous Materials Identification. 7 clues to the presence of hazardous materials

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Chapter 3 Hazardous Materials Identification

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  1. Chapter 3 Hazardous Materials Identification All presentation sources are used in accordance with the Multimedia Fair Use Guidelines and are not for copying and pasting by other users.

  2. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • 7 clues to the presence of hazardous materials • In addition to verbal reports • Order of identification • The ones most easily identified from a distance • Order of risk • The least amount of risk to the most amount of risk to the responder

  3. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • 7 clues to the presence of hazardous materials • 1. Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident surveys • 2. Container shapes • 3. Transportation placards, labels, and markings • 4. Other markings and colors (nontransportation) • 5. Written resources • 6. Senses • 7. Monitoring devices and detection devices

  4. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 1 • Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident surveys • Local emergency response plans • Required by federal law to be completed and reviewed annually by the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) • Increases decision making accuracy • Product identificiton • Increases decision making time • Response route • Resources needed

  5. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 1 • Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident surveys • Occupancy Types • High probable locations for finding signification quantities of hazardous materials • Fuel storage facilities • Paint supply stores • Photo processing laboratories • Feed / Farm stores • Print shops • Warehouses

  6. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 1 • Occupancy types, locations, and pre-incident surveys • Incident Locations • Roadways • Railways • Waterways • Airways • Pipelines

  7. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Bulk / nonbulk packaging • Bulk • Materials loaded with no intermediate form of containment • Cargo tank, railcar, portable tank • Maximum capacity > 119 gallons • Maximum net mass > 882 pounds

  8. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Bulk / nonbulk packaging • Non-Bulk • Smaller than the minimum criteria established for bulk packaging • Drums • Boxes • Bags • May have a form of intermediate containment

  9. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Bulk-capacity fixed-facility containers • Buildings • Aboveground storage tanks • Machinery • Underground storage tanks • Pipelines • Reactors • Upon piles or bins

  10. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Aboveground storage tanks • 1. Atmospheric / Nonpressure • <0.5 psi • 2. Pressure tanks • Low pressure • 0.5 – 15 psi • Pressure vessels • >15 psi

  11. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Atmospheric / Nonpressure • Horizontal Tank

  12. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Atmospheric / Nonpressure • Cone Roof Tank

  13. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Atmospheric / Nonpressure • Open Top Floating Roof Tank

  14. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Atmospheric / Nonpressure • Covered Top Floating Roof Tank

  15. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Atmospheric / Nonpressure • Atmospheric Underground Storage Tank

  16. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Pressure Storage Tanks (Low Pressure) • Dome Roof Tank

  17. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Pressure Storage Tanks (Low Pressure) • Spheroid Tank

  18. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Pressure Storage Tanks (High Pressure) • Horizontal Pressure Vessel

  19. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Pressure Storage Tanks (High Pressure) • Spherical Pressure Vessel

  20. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Pressure Storage Tanks (High Pressure) • Cryogenic – Liquid Storage Tank

  21. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Carry capacities in excess of 30,000 gallons • Tank cars carry the bulk of the hazardous materials transported by rail • Nonpressure tanks cars • Pressure tank cars • Cryogenic liquid tank cars • Hopper cars • Boxcars • Special service cars

  22. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Nonpressure tank car • Also known as “general service” or “low-pressure” • Vapor pressure <25 psi • Contain 4,000-45,000 gallons • May be compartmentalized with up to 6 compartments • Cylindrical with rounded ends (heads) • They have at least one manway access

  23. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Nonpressure tank car without expansion dome

  24. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Pressure tank car • Pressures >25 psi • Contain 4,000-45,000 gallons • Noncompartmentalized • Cylindrical with rounded ends (heads) • Typically top loading cars • Valves located inside the protective housing • Used to distinguish between pressure and nonpressure tank cars

  25. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Pressure tank car

  26. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Cryogenic liquid tank car • Low pressure • <25 psi • Argon • Hydrogen • Nitrogen • Liquid oxygen (NOX) • Liquefied natural gas (LNG)

  27. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Cryogenic liquid tank car

  28. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Other railroad cars • Pneumatically Unloaded Hopper Car

  29. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Rail Tank Cars • Other railroad cars • High Pressure Tube Car

  30. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Cargo Tank Trucks • Most must meet governmental tank-safety specifications • MC or DOT/TC followed by a three-digit number • Ie – MC 306 • Ie – DOT/TC 406 • Nonspec tanks • Tank must be designed for a specific purpose

  31. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Cargo Tank Trucks • Nonpressure liquid tank • Vapor pressure <3 psi • MC 306 or DOT/TC 406

  32. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Cargo Tank Trucks • Low-pressure chemical tank • Vapor pressure <40 psi • MC 307 or DOT/TC 407

  33. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Cargo Tank Trucks • Corrosive liquid tank • Vapor pressure <75 psi • MC 312

  34. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Container shapes • Cargo Tank Trucks • Dry bulk cargo tank • Vapor pressure < 22 psi

  35. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • UN Recommendations • Adopted by U.S., Canada, Mexico • Hazard classes • Commodity identification numbers • Placards • Labels • Markings

  36. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • Hazard Classes • Class 1: Explosives • Class 2: Gases • Class 3: Flammable liquids • Class 4: Flammable solids • Class 5: Oxidizing substances • Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances • Class 7: Radioactive materials • Class 8: Corrosive substances • Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances

  37. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • UN Commodity Identification Numbers • Four-digit number that is used in conjunction with illustrated placards

  38. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • DOT Placards • Diamond-shaped, colored coded sign • Used to identify the materials in transportation containers Hazard Symbol Background Color Diamond shaped 4-Digit ID Number or Hazard Class Designation Hazard Class Number

  39. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • DOT Placards • Color coding Flammable Explosive Oxidizer Health Hazard Water Reactive Nonflammable Gas

  40. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • DOT Symbols Explosive Oxidizer Radioactive Flammable Poison Corrosive Nonflammable Gas

  41. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • DOT Labels • Provide same information as vehicle placards • Found on packages • 3.9 inch square-on-point diamonds

  42. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • DOT Markings • By the DOT definition • A descriptive name • A weight • A specification • Includes • Instructions • Cautions • UN marks

  43. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 2 • Transportation Placards, Labels, and Markings • DOT Markings

  44. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 4 • Other Markings and Colors • NFPA 704 System • Found on fixed facilities • Doesn’t tell you exactly what the chemical or chemicals are • 0-4 rating 4 4 4

  45. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 4 • Other Markings and Colors • NFPA 704 System • Health • 4 — Severe hazard • 3 — Serious hazard • 2 — Moderate hazard • 1 — Slight hazard • 0 — Minimal hazard • Flammability • 4 — Flammable gases, volatile liquids, pyrophoric materials • 3 — Ignites at ambient temperatures • 2 — Ignites when moderately heated • 1 — Must be preheated to burn • 0 — Will not burn 4 4 4

  46. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 4 • Other Markings and Colors • NFPA 704 System • Instability • 4 — Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at ambient conditions • 3 — Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition with strong initiating source • 2 — Violent chemical change possible at elevated temperature and pressure • 1 — Normally stable, but becomes unstable if heated • 0 — Normally stable 4 • Special hazards • Located at 6 o’clock • Have no special background although white is most often used • May contain one of two special symbols • W — Unusual reactivity with water • OX — Oxidizer 4 4

  47. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 4 • Other Markings and Colors • Manufacturers’ Labels and Signal Words • Caution • Product may have minor health effects • Warning • Product had moderate hazards • Danger • Highest degree of hazard • Poison • Highly toxic materials • Must have “danger” label

  48. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 4 • Other Markings and Colors • Military Markings • Division 1: Mass Explosion • Equivalent to DOT/UN Class 1.1 • Division 2: Explosion with Fragment Hazard • Equivalent to DOT/UN Class 1.2

  49. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 4 • Other Markings and Colors • Military Markings • Division 3: Mass Fire • Equivalent to DOT/UN 1.3 • Division 4: Moderate Fire – No Blast • Equivalent to DOT/UN 1.4

  50. Hazardous MaterialsIdentification • Clue 4 • Other Markings and Colors • Military Markings • Chemical Hazards • Wear full protective clothing • “Red you’re Dead” • Highly toxic chemicals • May cause death or serious damage

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