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Iodine

Iodine. D iscovery. Discovered by In 1811 when Bernard Courtois (1777-1838) Discovered while trying to make a poison not a cure Tried discovering a weapon to use against Napoleon and his army. D iscovery.

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Iodine

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  1. Iodine

  2. Discovery • Discovered by In 1811 when Bernard Courtois (1777-1838) • Discovered while trying to make a poison not a cure • Tried discovering a weapon to use against Napoleon and his army

  3. Discovery • Jean Lugol discovered that bonding iodine to a mineral (potassium) made it water soluble • Iodine naturally dissolves in alcohol, but not in water until it is first bonded to the elements potassium or chlorine.

  4. Discovery • Swiss physician, Dr Jean François Condet announced that iodine could reduce goiters (enlarged thyroids). • People started using it whenever they felt sick (thought of as a “cure-all”)

  5. Information • Atomic Number: 53 • Atomic Symbol: I • Atomic Weight: 126.9045 • Electron Configuration: 2-8-18-18-7 • Melting Point: 113.5oC • Boiling Point: 184oC

  6. Properties • Iodine is a bluish-black solid that at room temperatures into a blue-violet gas with an irritating odor • It forms compounds with many elements, but is less active than the other halogens, which displace it from iodides. • It dissolves readily in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, or carbon disulfide to form purple solutions. • It is only slightly soluble in water

  7. Uses • Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine. • Thirty isotopes are recognized. Only one stable isotope, 127I is found in nature. • The artificial radioisotope 131I, with a half-life of 8 days, has been used in treating the thyroid gland.

  8. More Uses • The most common compounds are the iodides of sodium and potassium (KI) and the iodates (KIO3). • Lack of iodine is the cause of goiter. Iodides, and thyroxin which contains iodine, are used internally in medicine, and as a solution of KI and iodine in alcohol is used for external wounds. • Potassium iodide finds use in photography. The deep blue color with starch solution is characteristic of the free element

  9. Handling • Care should be taken in handling and using iodine, as contact with the skin can cause lesions • Iodine vapor is intensely irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes.

  10. Use in Medicine • Chronic iodine deficiency can lead to numerous health problems in children and adults, including thyroid gland dysfunction (including goiter) and various neurologic, gastrointestinal, and skin abnormalities.

  11. Sumatra, Indonesia.This is a massive goiter caused by the continued lack of iodine (a micronutrient) in his diet. This is a condition both preventable and treatable with just pinches of iodized salt. But, unlike western countries, the sale of uniodized salt is not regulated in developing countries. • Picture from yahoo.com

  12. The End

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