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Initiatives in France for disposal of treated wood waste Claire Cornillier - CTBA

Initiatives in France for disposal of treated wood waste Claire Cornillier - CTBA. By : Government Stakeholders of wood sector Waste management companies. Iniatives by government. Classifies treated wood waste in 2 categories according to risk assesment : Non hazardous waste

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Initiatives in France for disposal of treated wood waste Claire Cornillier - CTBA

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  1. Initiatives in France for disposal of treated wood wasteClaire Cornillier - CTBA By : • Government • Stakeholders of wood sector • Waste management companies CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  2. Iniatives by government • Classifies treated wood waste in 2 categories according to risk assesment : • Non hazardous waste • Hazardous waste • Gives a specific codification for wood waste according origin and risk categories • Excludes wood waste containing organohalogenes or heavy metals as wood waste fuel in combustion equipments • Forbides to landfill all wood waste CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  3. Regulation defines 3 categories of waste according to risk assessment Category Risk Trated wood waste + Hazardous waste Hazardous Non hazardous waste but also non inert waste (domestic waste and assimilated) Non inert Inert waste - CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  4. What is hazardous waste ? • Waste showing any of the hazardous properties (14) or containing substances classified as hazardous and at a total concentration exceeding a threshold level • Main hazardous properties available for treated wood waste • H6 : very toxic, or containing very toxic substances at a total C  0,1%, or toxic, or containing toxic substances at a total C  3% • H5 : harmful, or containing harmful substances at a total C  25% • H14: ecotoxic (not yet specificed) CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  5. Hazardous properties of treated wood waste can be assessed Treated wood waste First assessment Toxic properties : H6, H5 according to the waste chemical composition All other products to treat wood Second assessment CCA, CCB, CC, creosote ? Ecotoxic property : H14 not yet specified ACQ ? Hazardous waste Non hazardous waste CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  6. Gives a specific codification for wood waste according origin and risk categories CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  7. Initiatives by stakeholders of wood sector • To use wood waste energy recovery • To recycle wood waste in particule board • To document C&D wood waste • To set up a dedicated pressure treated wood waste management system CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  8. To specify the regulation of wood waste fuel, CTBA with wood industry • Defines waste wood fuels in terms of chemical composition, taking into account : • combustion regulation • wood additives, their origin and their concentration into the wood waste • natural content of wood in heavy metals, and in organochlorines as PCP (environmental contamination) • Sets up specifications on the basis of an analysis of the different waste resources : • pallet chips • industrial waste • non specified waste CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  9. Chemical compositionof wood waste fuels CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  10. A specification example :industrial wood waste fuel • In the case of CCA, copper based products, organohalogenes and creosote, any off-cuts after treatment to be discarded • In the case of metallic pigments (Cd, Cr, Zn) any off-cuts after finishing to be discarded • PVC containing off-cuts to be discarded • Panels and glues containing chlorine based hardeners not to be used • Metals, organohalogenes, PAH, Chlorine levels to be checked according to previous thresholds CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  11. European Panel Federation defines requirements of wood waste for recycling in particule board CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  12. CTBA study of C&D wood waste chemical analysis in progress • 1.6 million tons in France • Mainly non hazardous waste and can be recycled or recovered in energy, but some hazardous (CCA) • Up to now, burned on building site, landfilled or recycled in particle board CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  13. CTBA study of C&D wood waste chemical analysis in progress • Never documented by chemical analysis • 45 samples of crushed wood waste from construction sites, restoration sites, demolition sites, and C&D facilities • First results show some contaminations by Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, As, between 10 and 1000 ppm CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  14. What is a dedicated waste management system ? • Principle « extended responsibility for the producer » • For example in France : tires, batteries • Most regulatory, some voluntary • Involvement of all stakeholders : • Producers, to organize and finance • Distributors, to take a part in collection • Users, who can remove, sort and collect • Local communities, to take a part in collection • Government, to regulate and control • Companies to collect, treat, recycle, or dispose of • Integration of the cost of the end of life of the product CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  15. French context for pressure treated wood • Mainly pressure treated softwood for outside uses • Mainly creosote and CCA over the last 40 years • Decreasing of creosote but CCA increasing considerably oven the last 20 years • Pressure treated wood coming out of service : hazardous waste • No efficient waste management for pressure treated wood removed from service : the principle « polluter pays » doesn’t work CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  16. French context for pressure treated wood • Restriction of uses of arsenic in wood preservation (directive n°2003/2/CE and « décret » n°2004-1227) : application the most strict principle « reduction at source » • For the new preservative product, like ACQ, also need for specific management • If no improvement, risk of pressure treated wood market disappearance • A new association of wood pressative suppliers and wood treaters, to improve the pressure treated wood waste management : ARBUST CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  17. Objectives of the study • To evaluate the parameters influencing the feasibility • Characteristics of pressure treated wood waste • Amount of pressure treated wood in service and applications • Regulation • Stakeholders of the market (producers, distributors, importators, wood preservatives suppliers, users and professional organizations) • Economic data of the market • Current pressure treated wood waste management • Available means for collection, disposal, and costs • To define the priority actions to improve pressure treated wood waste management CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  18. Main Results • Pressure treated wood market • Creosote • Metal formulations (CCA, CCB, …) • Pressure wood waste amount • Estimated from the service life • Collected today • Data of available solutions of disposal • Proposal approaches to set up a dedicated waste management system CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  19. Creosote treated wood market • Few main applications : • Rail ties • Poles • Limitation of professional and industrial uses, with exclusions • Duration of life between 30 and 40 years • Few stakeholders • No signifiant importation or exportation • Decrease in consumption over the past 40 years CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  20. CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  21. Creosote treated wood waste amount • Estimation from service life • For the next 20 years : constant about 200 000 t/year • Afterwards : a steep decrease to 110 000 t/year • Mainly SNCF rail ties • Very different from estimated amounts by users (SNCF, EDF) CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  22. Metal treated wood market • For the last 20 years : diversification and increase, in particular for outside equipments • Before 2 traditional uses : poles and stakes • But today limited for professional and industrial uses • Divided in 6 sectors, with different service life • French impregnators used mainly CCA • For the outdoor equipments, more than 80% from importation, so right now importation more than 50% of French market • Mainly imported wood is treated by CCB CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  23. CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  24. Metal treated wood waste amount • Estimation from service life • Very different of estimated amounts consumers • For the next 20 years increase from 130 000 t/year to 600 000 t/year with a lot of outdoor equipment, after constant • For the next 10 years mainly CCA and CCB, after mainly organic copper CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  25. CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  26. Available solutions for disposal : initiatives by waste management companies • Mainly thermal treatment • Traditional • Specific, but still in development, except one solution (SIDENERGIE) • Estimated cost : 200 €/t • Localisation on a map CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  27. Specific thermal treatments CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  28. SIDENERGIE : Charcoal production from creosote treated wood • 500 °C thermolysis with combustion of gazes • Charcoal evaluated by toxicologists and approved for “barbecue uses” • 22000 t/y treatment capacity CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  29. THERMYA : Chartherm process • Low temperature pyrolisis under inert gas • Energy self sufficient system • Mechanical separation of metals from carbon • 1t of wood 280 kg of carbon + 50 kg metals • Industrial markets for graphitic carbon • Pilot plant developed (10 000 t/y) • Project to develop and operate full scale plants (30 000 t/y) CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  30. ANCOR : PGI process • High temperature pyrolysis (1200 °C) • Energy production from gases combustion • Pilot equipment under test (300 kg/h), with other carbon containing products (tires) • Mineral fraction including metals can be recycled (glass) CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  31. Traditional thermal hazardous waste treatments CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  32. Hazardous wood waste facilities location Incinerator Incinerator Incinerator Incinerator Cement kiln Cement Kiln Incinerator Incinerator THERMYA Only creosote treated wood Traitement des bois t Traitement des bois ANCOR All treated wood Radius : 150 km SIDENERGIE 1 / 5 550 000 CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  33. Proposal approaches to set up a dedicated waste management system • To separate in 2 waste streams • Poles and rail ties : easy to collect • Other products : more difficult to collect (from consumers, building, agriculture, local communities) • To work in priority for the collection of the second stream • To take some simulation to assess the feasability of setting up a dedicated waste management system in making hypothesis • Collection rate (from 5% to 25%) • Cost of waste management (from 200 €/t to 75 €/t) • Consumption of pressure treated wood CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  34. CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  35. Hypothesis to set up a dedicated pressure treated wood waste management systeme Tax only on french production, added cost from 0.4 to 1.5 % Tax on total consumption, added cost from 0.1 to 0.6 % CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

  36. In conclusion • Development needs • Characterisation tools to identify the contaminants to allow treated wood waste sorting : fast, cheap, high sensibility • Simple thermal treatment equipments for non-hazardous treated wood waste (with no harmful emissions and with a regional distribution), allowing an economically acceptable wood waste management • To develop economically acceptable specific treatments for hazardous wood waste • Future projects • To experiment on the field new technologies to identify As, Cr and C • To set up a local operation with central waste facilities and C&D waste facilities to test the collection CC – TAG Meeting – August 18, 2005

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