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1. Focus group Fenneke Reysoo
Graduate Institute of Development Studies (IUED), Geneva
Jeannette Heldens
Radboud University of Nijmegen
2007
2. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens uses of focus groups as a "self-contained" method
in combination with other methods.
with surveys
in-depth interviews
other research methods
3. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens
4. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens definition
A research technique that collects data through group interaction on a topic determined by the researcher
(David L. Morgan)
5. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens FOCUS GROUPS GROUP INTERVIEWS Primary purpose: research, data collection
Allow interactive discussions
The researchers interest directs the discussion; there is a focus!
Primary purpose: therapy, decision making research, education, organizing, or behaviour change
Some do not allow interactive discussions (e.g. nominal groups and Delphi groups)
Collect data from naturally occurring group discussions where no one acts as an interviewer
6. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens Other group research techniques The nominal group technique
Delphi
Brainstorm
synetics
Leaderless discussion groups
7. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens Myths about focus groups focus groups are low cost and quick
focus groups require professional moderators
Require special facilities
Must consist of strangers
Will not work for sensitive topics
Must be validated by other methods
8. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens Moderator: leadership (Carter 1954) Group goal facilitations
Ability's to help the group to its goal
Insight, intelligence, knowing how to get things done
Group sociability
Factors to keep the group functioning smoothly
sociability, cooperativeness, popularity, individual prominence
Individual prominence
Factors related to the persons desire four group recognition
initiative, self-confidence, persistence
9. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens Jolt (pin prick) 1 team of 7 persons (from each group 1 person)
Stand around the hula-hoop
Carry the hula-hoop with one index finger
Try to lower the hula-hoop. Your finger should stay in contact with the hula-hoop
10. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens The focus group Aim: insight in the usefulness of qualitative research for SANPAD students
Roles: members (1 person out of each group)
moderator
observer in the focus group
11. SANPAD April 2007 F. Reysoo, J.Heldens Role observers outside the focus group What is methodological seen interesting to observe
The content
Relevance
Completeness
validity
The groups process
The moderator
goal facilitations
group sociability
Individual prominence
Nonverbal aspects
participants
Type of participants
different roles of the participants
Degree of participation
nonverbal aspects