Motivation

1. Creating a Zigbee Home Area Network Simulator for Smart Grid Security ResearchGabriel Garza, Samujjwal Bhandari, & Susan UrbanTexas Tech University 2012 Research Experience for Undergraduate Site Project • Objectives • Extend the HAN simulator, created from previous years REU program, for use in event stream processing technology for detecting/learning security violation patterns. • Adding ZigBee communication protocol to simulation. • Simulate ZigBee data packet. • Improving performance of agents to match ZigBee communication standards. • Lower CPU utilization • More efficient message passing • Extending simulation to allow for the creation of dynamic agents. • Improving overall simulation stability. • Message buffer control • Motivation • Additional Research is needed in order to secure the ZigBee home area network section of the Smart Grid • The ZigBee protocol is vulnerable to attack • Simulation is needed to create a test bed for detecting intrusion patterns • A test bed will support research at Texas Tech University on detection and learning of intrusion patterns • Ground work to setup simulation began in 2011 Research Experience for Undergraduate Site Project Smart Grid • Current Power System • Originally designed over 100 years ago • Built to handle limited power demand • One-way communication • Difficult to make changes to the grid • Inadequate means for power distribution • Smart Grid • Next phase of our power infrastructure • Two-way communication • Able to better integrate green energy sources • Real-Time power consumption details • Able to handle a changing environment • Achievement • Simplified start of JADE environment • Added functionality • Creation of multiple appliances of the same type • Detailed power usage information • Improved message cleanup • Appliance details can be specified at startup • Improved JADE sniffer agent • Intruder agent • Parse sniffer dump file • DOS & Back-Off Time attack • Impersonate appliance & report power Figure 1: Smart Grid Diagram • Future Research • Add the ability for the simulation to generate ZigBee data packets • Necessary for accurate simulation • Allows for integration to hardware • Expand intruder agent to be capable of more attacks • Replay attack • Remove device attack • ZigBee • Current wireless communication • Either high power or resource demands • Not suitable for long-term • Needs occasional maintenance • ZigBee • Similar to Bluetooth • Low data rate - 250 Kbit/s • Designed for small burst of data communication • Long battery life • Secure networking • Uses 802.15.4 spectrum for communication [7] Figure 2: ZigBee Logo Figure 3: Home Area Network Diagram Figure 4: JADE sniffer message tacking • Java Agent Development Framework (JADE) • Software framework fully implemented in Java language. • Simplifies the implementation of multi-agent systems • Middle-ware • Set of graphical tools • Agent platform can be distributed across machines • Configuration can be controlled via a remote GUI [8] References [1] http://www.carbonmetrics.eu/Smart-Grids.php [2]http://www.zigbee.org/Specifications/ZigBee/Overview.aspx [3]http://www.sensorsmag.com/networking-communications/standards-protocols/designing-smart-energy-devices-1526 [5] http://www.inl.gov/scada/publications/d/securing_the_smart_grid_current_issues.pdf [7] Elahi, Ata, and Adam Gschwender. ZigBee Wireless Sensor and Control Network. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2010. Print. [8] "Jade - Java Agent DEvelopment Framework." Jade - Java Agent DEvelopment Framework. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 July 2012. <http://jade.tilab.com/>. [9]S. Clements, M. Hadley, and T. Carroll, “Home Area Networks and the Smart Grid,” no. April, 2011. R. Wilson and C. Salisbury, "Exploiting the Security of a Smart Grid Home Area Network through Simulation," Lubbock, TX, 2010. • Home Area Network (HAN) • Allows for different devices to communicate with each other • “Most existing home networks allow desktop and laptop computers to communicate with each other to share resources and often a common connection to the Internet.”[9] • The ZigBee HAN • Allows for different devices within your house to communicate to a smart meter. • Gives control of different devices across your house from a signal location. Figure 6: JADE Agent Status View *This research is supported by NSF Grant No. CNS 1005212. Opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF. Figure 5: Smart Grid components