Presentation Transcript

1. 05-01 Which of the following will encompass the largest number of speakers? Language family Language branch Individual language Dialect Language group
2. 05-01 Which of the following will encompass the largest number of speakers? Language family Language branch Individual language Dialect Language group Explanation: The categories are organized hierarchically: family, branch, group, language, and dialect.
3. 05-02 Which of the following is not a Romance language? French German Italian Portuguese Spanish
4. 05-02 Which of the following is not a Romance language? French German Italian Portuguese Spanish Explanation: Germanic languages predominate in northern and central Europe.
5. 05-02
6. 05-03 The oldest roots of the English language have been traced back to present-day Belgium. Canada. Denmark. Iceland. Netherlands.
7. 05-03 The oldest roots of the English language have been traced back to present-day Belgium. Canada. Denmark. Iceland. Netherlands. Explanation: Angles, Jutes, and Saxons invaded England from the their homes on the Danish peninsula.
8. 05-03
9. 05-04 The relocation of the Nigerian capital from Lagos to Abuja reflects tensions between rival groups. reflects a cultural preference for inland sites. was a direct order from the United Nations. was undertaken to promote economic development. The capital has not been relocated.
10. 05-04 The relocation of the Nigerian capital from Lagos to Abuja reflects tensions between rival groups. reflects a cultural preference for inland sites. was a direct order from the United Nations. was undertaken to promote economic development. The capital has not been relocated.
11. 05-04
12. 05-05 Complete the following analogy: Argentina is to Spanish as Brazil is to Portuguese. Belize is to Portuguese. Guyana is to Spanish Suriname is to French Panama is to English
13. 05-05 Complete the following analogy: Argentina is to Spanish as Brazil is to Portuguese. Belize is to Portuguese. Guyana is to Spanish Suriname is to French Panama is to English Explanation: Portuguese is the predominant language of Brazil just as Spanish is spoken in Argentina.
14. 05-06 A creolized language is a local language mixed with another local language. at least 20 percent slang. the language of a colonial power. English. French.
15. 05-06 A creolized language is a local language mixed with another local language. at least 20 percent slang. the language of a colonial power. English. French. Explanation: Creole languages develop due to the interchange of indigenous language(s) and the colonizer’s language.
16. 05-07 Complete the following analogy: southern Europe is to Romance as southwestern Europe is to Iberian. eastern Europe is to West Germanic. eastern Europe is to Balto-Slavic. southeast Europe is to Greek. northern Europe is to Celtic.
17. 05-07 Complete the following analogy: southern Europe is to Romance as southwestern Europe is to Iberian. eastern Europe is to West Germanic. eastern Europe is to Balto-Slavic. southeast Europe is to Greek. northern Europe is to Celtic. Explanation: Romance languages predominate in southern Europe as Balto-Slavic languages do in eastern Europe.
18. 05-08 In both the Kurgan and Anatolian theories of Indo-European, the language family spread via __________ diffusion. contagious expansion hierarchical relocation stimulus
19. 05-08 In both the Kurgan and Anatolian theories of Indo-European, the language family spread via __________ diffusion. contagious expansion hierarchical relocation stimulus
20. 05-09 Globally, today’s predominant lingua franca is Swahili. Pidgin. Creole. French. English.
21. 05-09 Globally, today’s predominant lingua franca is Swahili. Pidgin. Creole. French. English. Explanation: In part due to Britain’s colonial legacy, English is the world’s most popular lingua franca.
22. 05-10 Complete the following analogy: Hindi is to India as Austrian is to Austria. Celtic is to Denmark. Mandarin is to China. Russian is to Ukraine. Spanish is to the Philippines.
23. 05-10 Complete the following analogy: Hindi is to India as Austrian is to Austria. Celtic is to Denmark. Mandarin is to China. Russian is to Ukraine. Spanish is to the Philippines. Explanation: Hindi is the most spoken language in India as is Mandarin in China.
24. 06-01 Which of the following is not a universalizing religion? Buddhism Christianity Judaism Islam Sikhism
25. 06-01 Which of the following is not a universalizing religion? Buddhism Christianity Judaism Islam Sikhism Explanation: Whereas universalizing religions actively seek converts, Judaism is an ethnic religion.
26. 06-02 Roman Catholicism predominates in which of the following areas? Northern Europe East Asia Canada South America Australia
27. 06-02 Roman Catholicism predominates in which of the following areas? Northern Europe East Asia Canada South America Australia Explanation: South America’s colonization by Spain and Portugal brought Roman Catholicism to the continent.
28. 06-02
29. 06-03 Which of the following is not one of the five pillars of Islam? Accept Allah as the one God Donate to charities Fast during the month of Ramadan Make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem Pray five times daily
30. 06-03 Which of the following is not one of the five pillars of Islam? Accept Allah as the one God Donate to charities Fast during the month of Ramadan Make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem Pray five times daily Explanation: Pilgrimages are to be made to Makkah, not Jerusalem.
31. 06-04 In which region are the largest number of adherents to ethnic religions found? Africa East Asia Eastern Europe South America North America
32. 06-04 In which region are the largest number of adherents to ethnic religions found? Africa East Asia Eastern Europe South America North America Explanation: Several hundred million people in East Asia practice Confucianism, Daoism, and Shintoism.
33. 06-05 Christianity initially spread from Palestine by ___________ diffusion. contagious expansion hierarchical relocation stimulus
34. 06-05 Christianity initially spread from Palestine by ___________ diffusion. contagious expansion hierarchical relocation stimulus Explanation: Christianity initially diffused by the efforts of missionaries.
35. 06-06 Complete the following analogy: Lumbini is to Buddhists as Beijing is to Confucianism. Bethlehem is to Jews. Delhi is to Sikhs. Makkah is to Muslims. Tokyo is to Shintoism.
36. 06-06 Complete the following analogy: Lumbini is to Buddhists as Beijing is to Confucianism. Bethlehem is to Jews. Delhi is to Sikhs. Makkah is to Muslims. Tokyo is to Shintoism. Explanation: Among universalizing religions, Buddhism and Islam have the largest number of holy places.
37. 06-07 Complete the following analogy: Christianity is to church as Islam is to mosque. Judaism is to synagogue. Buddhism is to temple. Baha’i is to House of Worship. All of the above are correct.
38. 06-07 Complete the following analogy: Christianity is to church as Islam is to mosque. Judaism is to synagogue. Buddhism is to temple. Baha’i is to House of Worship. All of the above are correct. Explanation: Religious buildings are important parts of the cultural landscape. Christians alone consider their buildings to be sacred.
39. 06-08 As a result of the 1967 war, Israel captured which strategically important territory? The coastal plain near Tel Aviv The east bank of the Jordan River valley The hills paralleling the coast and Jordan River The desert oases of Saudi Arabia None of the above is correct.
40. 06-08 As a result of the 1967 war, Israel captured which strategically important territory? The coastal plain near Tel Aviv The east bank of the Jordan River valley The hills paralleling the coast and Jordan River The desert oases of Saudi Arabia None of the above is correct. Explanation: The land between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River is divided into three regions: coastal plain, highlands, and river valley.
41. 06-08
42. 06-09 The caste system in India places Shudras at the top of the hierarchy. was created by the Aryan invaders of India. does not affect how individual Hindus practice the religion. is enforced by official government policies. sees the “untouchables” as closest to enlightenment.
43. 06-09 The caste system in India places Shudras at the top of the hierarchy. was created by the Aryan invaders of India. does not affect how individual Hindus practice the religion. is enforced by official government policies. sees the “untouchables” as closest to enlightenment. Explanation: The caste system has relaxed over the past several decades in the face of modernization.
44. 06-10 Which three religions have holy places in Jerusalem? Islam, Judaism, Sikhism Christianity, Hinduism, Islam Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism Christianity, Islam, Judaism Christianity, Jainism, Judaism
45. 06-10 Which three religions have holy places in Jerusalem? Islam, Judaism, Sikhism Christianity, Hinduism, Islam Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism Christianity, Islam, Judaism Christianity, Jainism, Judaism Explanation: These three monotheistic religions each lay claim to holy places in Jerusalem.
46. 06-10
47. 07-01 Which of the following states has the smallest percentage of African American residents? Alabama Georgia Mississippi South Carolina West Virginia
48. 07-01 Which of the following states has the smallest percentage of African American residents? Alabama Georgia Mississippi South Carolina West Virginia Explanation: African Americans are clustered in the South and in northern cities.
49. 07-01
50. 07-02 Which of the following states has the smallest percentage of Hispanic residents? Arizona California Maine New Mexico Texas
51. 07-02 Which of the following states has the smallest percentage of Hispanic residents? Arizona California Maine New Mexico Texas Explanation: Hispanics are concentrated in the American Southwest.
52. 07-02
53. 07-03 During the slavery era, the most likely destination for Africans captured by the Portuguese was North America. South America. Caribbean. Arabia. Turkey.
54. 07-03 During the slavery era, the most likely destination for Africans captured by the Portuguese was North America. South America. Caribbean. Arabia. Turkey. Explanation: The majority of Africans enslaved by the Portuguese were sent to Brazil.
55. 07-03
56. 07-04 Which of the following is accurate about apartheid? It included the creation of “homelands” for different groups. The system classified people in one of two races. French settlers created it in the 1800s. South Africa still has places governed by this policy. The policy was supported by most European countries in the 1980s.
57. 07-04 Which of the following is accurate about apartheid? It included the creation of “homelands” for differentgroups. The system classified people in one of two races. French settlers created it in the 1800s. South Africa still has places governed by this policy. The policy was supported by most European countries in the 1980s. Explanation: Apartheid was instituted in the late 1940s and classified South Africans as belonging to one of four groups.
58. 07-04
59. 07-05 In the 1920s, this region best exemplified the concept of the nation-state: South America Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East Europe Southeast Asia
60. 07-05 In the 1920s, this region best exemplified the concept of the nation-state: South America Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East Europe Southeast Asia Explanation: Following the First World War, many European boundaries were redrawn to reflect the principles of nation-states.
61. 07-06 Which of the following is an example of a multinational state? France New York Scotland United Kingdom Wales
62. 07-06 Which of the following is an example of a multinational state? France New York Scotland United Kingdom Wales Explanation: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland includes Scotland and Wales.
63. 07-07 Complete the following analogy: centripetal is to centrifugal as clustering is to spreading. beginning is to ending. rising is to falling. shrinking is to growing. None of the above is correct.
64. 07-07 Complete the following analogy: centripetal is to centrifugal as clustering is to spreading. beginning is to ending. rising is to falling. shrinking is to growing. None of the above is correct. Explanation: Nationalism is an important centripetal force. Centripetal is the opposite of centrifugal.
65. 07-08 Which of the following ethnic groups has the least representation in Lebanon? Jews Christians Druze Shiites Sunnis
66. 07-08 Which of the following ethnic groups has the least representation in Lebanon? Jews Christians Druze Shiites Sunnis Explanation: Lebanon is divided among Christians, Sunni Muslims, Shiite Muslims, and Druze.
67. 07-08
68. 07-09 The conflict in Jammu and Kashmir pits East Pakistan against West Pakistan. India against Bangladesh. India against Pakistan. Sikhs against Hindus. Sinhalese against Tamils.
69. 07-09 The conflict in Jammu and Kashmir pits East Pakistan against West Pakistan. India against Bangladesh. India against Pakistan. Sikhs against Hindus. Sinhalese against Tamils. Explanation: Jammu and Kashmir is partitioned along the “Line of Control” by Pakistan and India.
70. 07-09
71. 07-10 Since 1991 in the Balkans, the most severe ethnic cleansing has been committed by Bosnians. Croats. Macedonians. Serbs. Slovenes.
72. 07-10 Since 1991 in the Balkans, the most severe ethnic cleansing has been committed by Bosnians. Croats. Macedonians. Serbs. Slovenes. Explanation: Serbs aggressively pushed other groups out of territory in Bosnia and Kosovo.
73. 07-10
74. 08-01 Which country controlled the most colonial territory in 1914? United States Japan Germany France United Kingdom
75. 08-01 Which country controlled the most colonial territory in 1914? United States Japan Germany France United Kingdom Explanation: On the eve of the first World War, Britain controlled an empire that stretched across the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia.
76. 08-01
77. 08-02 Complete the following analogy: a compact state is to circular as a prorupted state is to extended. a perforated state is to pierced. an elongated state is to narrow fragmented state is to pieces. All of the above are correct.
78. 08-02 Complete the following analogy: a compact state is to circular as a prorupted state is to extended. a perforated state is to pierced. an elongated state is to narrow fragmented state is to pieces. All of the above are correct. Explanation: The world’s states can be classed into five basic shapes, each with its own characteristics.
79. 08-03 In terms of the classification of state shapes, Chile can best be described as a(n) compact state. elongated state. fragmented state. prorupted state. rectangular state.
80. 08-03 In terms of the classification of state shapes, Chile can best be described as a(n) compact state. elongated state. fragmented state. prorupted state. rectangular state. Explanation: Chile occupies the long, thin portion of land between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes Mountains.
81. 08-04 The largest number of landlocked states are found in Africa. East Asia. the Middle East. Southeast Asia. South America.
82. 08-04 The largest number of landlocked states are found in Africa. East Asia. the Middle East. Southeast Asia. South America. Explanation: Africa’s landlocked states are a colonial legacy. International trade is hindered when a country does not have access to the ocean.
83. 08-05 Libya and Egypt are separated by a desert boundary. language boundary. mountain boundary. religious boundary. river boundary.
84. 08-05 Libya and Egypt are separated by a desert boundary. language boundary. mountain boundary. religious boundary. river boundary. Explanation: Desert boundaries are found throughout Africa and Asia. Most desert frontiers have been converted to boundaries because of the potential for valuable minerals deposits.
85. 08-06 A federal system of government is most common in small countries. places nearly all power with a central government. was rejected by the writers of the United States Constitution. divides power among units of governance. is practiced in China.
86. 08-06 A federal system of government is most common in small countries. places nearly all power with a central government. was rejected by the writers of the United States Constitution. divides power among units of governance. is practiced in China. Explanation: The number of federal states is growing, in part because the system is more flexible than a unitary state.
87. 08-07 In the United States, congressional district boundaries are usually drawn by Congress. an independent non-partisan commission. the Federal Election Commission. the Supreme Court. state legislatures.
88. 08-07 In the United States, congressional district boundaries are usually drawn by Congress. an independent non-partisan commission. the Federal Election Commission. the Supreme Court. state legislatures. Explanation: Unlike many countries, electoral district boundaries are redrawn every ten years to favor the political party in control of the state legislature.
89. 08-08 The United Nations was founded in 1925. currently has nearly 300 members. has been less effective than the League of Nations. places nearly all world power in the hands of the UN Secretary General. has deployed troops around the world on peace-keeping missions.
90. 08-08 The United Nations was founded in 1925. currently has nearly 300 members. has been less effective than the League of Nations. places nearly all world power in the hands of the UN Secretary General. has deployed troops around the world on peace-keeping missions. Explanation: The UN relies on member states to volunteer troops for peace-keeping missions. UN missions are underway in Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.
91. 08-09 At the end of the Cold War, several new countries emerged in Eastern Europe. Latin America. Northern Europe. North Africa. Western Europe.
92. 08-09 At the end of the Cold War, several new countries emerged in Eastern Europe. Latin America. Northern Europe. North Africa. Western Europe. Explanation: The demise of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia resulted in over a dozen new countries.
93. 08-09
94. 08-10 This group predominates in the far north of Iraq: Kurds Persians Shiites Sunnis Turkmen
95. 08-10 This group predominates in the far north of Iraq: Kurds Persians Shiites Sunnis Turkmen Explanation: The Kurds are among the world’s largest nations without a state of their own.
96. 08-10
97. 09-01 Regarding sector employment in MDCs and LDCs over the last 100 years, it is true that: the primary sector has increased in MDCs. the tertiary sector has decreased in MDCs. the primary sector has trended slightly lower in LDCs. the tertiary sector has increased in LDCs. the secondary sector has decreased in LDCs.
98. 09-01 Regarding sector employment in MDCs and LDCs over the last 100 years, it is true that: the primary sector has increased in MDCs. the tertiary sector has decreased in MDCs. the primary sector has trended slightly lower in LDCs. the tertiary sector has increased in LDCs. the secondary sector has decreased in LDCs. Explanation: Changes in agriculture and mining, e.g., engineered seeds, machinery, and irrigation, have begun to displace LDC workers from the primary sector.
99. 09-01
100. 09-02 According to Rostow’s development model, a country with a lot of heavy industry that uses modern technology is in stage 1, traditional society. stage 2, preconditions to takeoff. stage 3, takeoff. stage 4, drive to maturity. stage 5, age of mass consumption.
101. 09-02 According to Rostow’s development model, a country with a lot of heavy industry that uses modern technology is in stage 1, traditional society. stage 2, preconditions to takeoff. stage 3, takeoff. stage 4, drive to maturity. stage 5, age of mass consumption. Explanation: Heavy industry is the hallmark of Rostow’s fourth stage.
102. 09-03 The self-sufficiency approach to development has been supported by the United States. relies on free trade with more developed countries. has been the preferred approach for economic development over the last two decades. frequently suffers from inefficiency. relies on market forces with little guidance from government.
103. 09-03 The self-sufficiency approach to development has been supported by the United States. relies on free trade with more developed countries. has been the preferred approach for economic development over the last two decades. frequently suffers from inefficiency. relies on market forces with little guidance from government. Explanation: Economies seeking self-sufficiency often suffer from the related problems of large bureaucracies and inefficiency.
104. 09-04 Which of the following is among the factors considered when calculating a country’s Human Development Index score? average affluence rate crude birth rate literacy rate sulfate emissions per capita telephones per capita
105. 09-04 Which of the following is among the factors considered when calculating a country’s Human Development Index score? average affluence rate crude birth rate literacy rate sulfate emissions per capita telephones per capita Explanation: A country’s HDI score is based on four factors: GDP, literacy, education, and life expectancy.
106. 09-04
107. 09-05 Foreign debt as a percentage of income is highest in Africa. East Asia. Eastern Europe. Middle East. South America.
108. 09-05 Foreign debt as a percentage of income is highest in Africa. East Asia. Eastern Europe. Middle East. South America. Explanation: While South American countries have accumulated the largest debts, the ratio of debt to annual income is highest in Africa.
109. 09-05
110. 09-06 Which of the following is among the factors considered when calculating a country’s Gender Empowerment Measure? number of women in elite professional sports balance of women to men working as real estate agents media image fairness number of women elected to government access to family planning and abortion
111. 09-06 Which of the following is among the factors considered when calculating a country’s Gender Empowerment Measure? number of women in elite professional sports balance of women to men working as real estate agents media image fairness number of women elected to government access to family planning and abortion Explanation: GEM reflects women’s access to power and decision making.
112. 09-06
113. 09-07 Structural adjustment programs promote greater transparency in government development planning and spending. arrange for structural engineers to consult in LDCs. are designed and implemented by community focus groups. have been criticized for spending scarce development funds inefficient industries. seek to align the interests of farmers and consumers through fair trade labeling.
114. 09-07 Structural adjustment programs promote greater transparency in government development planning and spending. arrange for structural engineers to consult in LDCs. are designed and implemented by community focus groups. have been criticized for spending scarce development funds inefficient industries. seek to align the interests of farmers and consumers through fair trade labeling. Explanation: The IMF, World Bank, and MDCs commonly require structural adjustment programs before making or adjusting loans.
115. 09-08 In terms of economic sectors, Wal-Mart has an effect on the primary sector as one of the largest purchasers of agricultural goods. secondary sector because of the factories it owns around the world. secondary sector because of the way it manages its farms, forests, and mines. tertiary sector because of its recent expansion into steel and auto production. tertiary sector because it pays higher wages than other service sector employers.
116. 09-08 In terms of economic sectors, Wal-Mart has an effect on the primary sector as one of the largest purchasers of agricultural goods. secondary sector because of the factories it owns around the world. secondary sector because of the way it manages its farms, forests, and mines. tertiary sector because of its recent expansion into steel and auto production. tertiary sector because it pays higher wages than other service sector employers. Explanation: Wal-Mart, the second largest grocer in the U.S., has an effect on all three economic sectors.
117. 09-09 The Gender-Related Development Index is lowest in East Asia. Eastern Europe. North America. South America. Sub-Saharan Africa.
118. 09-09 The Gender-Related Development Index is lowest in East Asia. Eastern Europe. North America. South America. Sub-Saharan Africa. Explanation: Like HDI, GDI combines measures of income, literacy, education, and life expectancy in order to discern where women are treated as well as men.
119. 09-09
120. 09-10 All of the following statements about the World Trade Organization are true, except it promotes capitalist economic development. its member states account for roughly 70 percent of world trade. it seeks to lower tariffs. it adjudicates accusations of unfair trade practices. critics charge it is anti-democratic and compromises sovereignty.
121. 09-10 All of the following statements about the World Trade Organization are true, except it promotes capitalist economic development. its member states account for roughly 70 percent ofworld trade. it seeks to lower tariffs. it adjudicates accusations of unfair trade practices. critics charge it is anti-democratic and compromises sovereignty. Explanation: WTO members account for nearly 100% of world trade.