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Are Two Better Than One? Multiple Camera “Single Camera” Production

Are Two Better Than One? Multiple Camera “Single Camera” Production. Peter Kiwitt. Topics. Why? How?. Historical Film Production. Productions carried two cameras One camera for production One camera as a spare Productions used two or more cameras for . . .

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Are Two Better Than One? Multiple Camera “Single Camera” Production

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  1. Are Two Better Than One? Multiple Camera “Single Camera” Production Peter Kiwitt

  2. Topics • Why? • How?

  3. Historical Film Production • Productions carried two cameras • One camera for production • One camera as a spare • Productions used two or more cameras for . . . • Stunts and “big” scenes (typically) • Saving time or performances (rarer)

  4. Why Not Use Two Cameras? • Costs more money • Takes more time • Compromises eyelines • Compromises lighting

  5. What Changed? • 1992 Lost in YonkersDigital editing

  6. What Changed? • 1992 Lost in YonkersDigital editing • 1996 Kodak VisionFilm stock improvements

  7. What Changed? • 1992 Lost in YonkersDigital editing • 1996 Kodak VisionFilm stock improvements • 1996 Average studio feature $60m

  8. What Changed? • 1992 Lost in YonkersDigital editing • 1996 Kodak VisionFilm stock improvements • 1996 Average studio feature $60m • 1997 NBC “It’s new to you”Television ratings decline

  9. What Changed? • 2000 Star Wars Episode II—Attack of the Clones Digital production

  10. What Changed? • 2000 Star Wars Episode II—Attack of the Clones Digital production • 2000 O, Brother Where Art Thou?Digital color correction

  11. What Changed? • 2000 Star Wars Episode II—Attack of the Clones Digital production • 2000 O, Brother Where Art Thou?Digital color correction • 2001 Practice!

  12. Film Production Now • Movies & series: • Two cameras (or more!) • More coverage • Series: • Directing producers • Rotating DPs

  13. What Hasn’t Changed • One shot on screen

  14. What Hasn’t Changed • One shot on screen • Same visualization

  15. What Hasn’t Changed • One shot on screen • Same visualization • Screenline & eyeline rules remain

  16. Still Single Camera • Some wide angle shots

  17. Still Single Camera • Some wide angle shots • Some moving shots

  18. Still Single Camera • Some wide angle shots • Some moving shots • Shots separated by 90°+

  19. Two Camera Issues • Lighting • Sound • Performance

  20. Two Camera Guidelines • Lighting – closer angles • Sound – closer sizes • Performance – alternate takes

  21. Two Camera Techniques • Closer size from closer angle • B camera for long lens • B camera pickup inserts • Two cameras on one dolly track or even dolly

  22. Recommendation • All programs that teach directors should have at least one workshop or exercise in shooting with two cameras.

  23. Are Two Better Than One? Multiple Camera “Single Camera” Production Peter Kiwitt

  24. Notes

  25. Notable Productions • 1980 Hill Street Blues • 1981 MTV • 1984 Amadeus – cross-angles • 1988 Rain Man – cross-angles • 1989 Dead Poets Society – multiple coverage

  26. Evolution of Style • Primitive (1893) • Tableau • Transitional (1908) • Tableau • Cut-in • Tableau • Classical (1917) • Master • Shot • Reverse-shot • Modern (1961) • Master • MS1 • MS2 • CU1 • CU2 • Contemporary (2001) • Master • MS1-A • MS2-A • CU1-B • CU2-B

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