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Madrasah Education System in West Bengal - An Overview.
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Madrasah Education System in West Bengal - An Overview
A brief introduction to the Madrasah Education in West BengalMadrasah education started in West Bengal with the establishment of Calcutta Madrasah in 1780. Since then there have been many organizational restructuring and subsequently West Bengal Board of Madrasah Education has been constituted as an autonomous body through West Bengal Madrasah Education Act, 1994 in the West Bengal State of Legislature. The Board functions with same academic, administrative norms, facilities, status and privileges as enjoyed by other Boards of Education, Councils and similar bodies in the State Government. The principal objective of the Board, besides supervision and control, is to make these institutions as centre of excellence, more student and community friendly so that they are able to participate in a meaningful way.In West Bengal there are two types of Education system. i) School education system , and ii) Madrasah Education system. Few institutions are recognized by the Government and completely aided by the Government to support all expenses and some are run and maintained by individuals, community or organizations.There are two types of Govt.-recognized institutions: (1) The old scheme – Senior Madrasah Education system and(2)The new scheme – High Madrasah Education System.The curriculum and syllabus have been restructured with view to open access to higher education, employment possibilities and social opportunities.
GOVT. RECOGNIZED & AIDED MADRASAHS TOTAL SENIOR MADRASAH 102 TOTAL HIGH MADRASAH 512
RECOGNIZED UN-AIDED MADRASAHS RECOGNISED UN-AIDED MADRASAHS 194 JUNIOR HIGH MADRASAH 122 HIGH MADRASAH 07 SENIOR MADRASAH 65
COMPERATIVE FIGURES OF RECOGNITION AND UPGRADATION GROWTH OF MADRASAHS (BY TYPE)
HIGH MADRASAH TEACHERS-STUDENTS – PRESENT SCENARIO TEACHER-STUDENT RATIO
REASONS FOR DROP-OUT OF CHILDREN FROM THE MADRASAHS Major reasons for drop-outs of students from the Madrasah system are enumerated below : i) Early marriage– Early marriage of girl students is a major cause for drop-out. Girls are getting married at an early age and hence cannot study further. Some girls are forced to discontinue their studies even though they are willing to carry on with their studies. ii) Poor economic condition and faulty perception on benefits of education – Poor economic condition is another major factor. In most of the cases each child is viewed as an additional pair of hands which can help the family to earn additional resources. Some children go out with their father for helping him in the fields, feeding cattle and some, mostly girls stay back at home to help their mothers with household work or for looking after young siblings. Some even start earning for the family. Some families think that sending children to school is wastage of time and resources and engaging them in work is always a better option. Education, it is still perceived, cannot offer enough opportunity to earn money. Therefore, many parents engage their children in bidi binding work, zari work or in brick kiln rather than sending them to school. iii) Lack of opportunities for higher studies – There are some students who are willing to continue studies after Alim and Fazil. However, there are few opportunities for them for their higher education.Restrictions on girls - it is observed that dropout of girls is more than boys due to socio-economic problems. Certain families impose restriction on adolescent girls from going to schools. Parents prefer girls sitting at home and helping their mother in household work than sending them to study in schools. It was emphasized that social attitude of people needs to change.
REASONS FOR DROP-OUT OF CHILDREN FROM THE MADRASAHS contd..iv) Lack of guidance and compassion from teachers - It is observed that some students who attend school do not get proper guidance and compassion from teachers. This makes them de-motivated and hence they discontinue going to Madrasahs. Some teachers somehow finish their day’s assignment and are in hurry to go back home. They spend less time with the children and is not interested to know whether the student understood the topic or not. v) Discrimination by teachers - It has also been observed that some of the teachers of Madrasahs discriminate children between poor and backward class/tribe and with children coming from well-off families. This makes the children demotivated and they fall back from going to the Madrasahs. vi) Lack of accountability among teachers – It is observed that there is no accountability of teachers in Madrasahs. Some teachers do not report to their seniors and are sometimes unwilling to take classes. Sense of responsibility is lacking among the teachers and overall there does not exist a healthy teacher-student relationship. Parents too have a negative approach. There is a need to orient and sensitize the teachers before they start teaching and interacting with students.
REASONS FOR DROP-OUT OF CHILDREN FROM THE MADRASAHS Contd..Greater percentage of girls than boys leading to more drop-out - It is observed that the ratio of girls in Madrasahs are more than boys. For boys, creating opportunities of earning is of prime importance and in this respect, Madrasah is not perceived as a viable option for creating earning opportunities. However, since girls will get married early, so they go to Madrasahs for education.Perception on institutional education - Some parents have a mindset that children who go away from their homes to study and work do not want to come back home. Hence they prefer them studying near their home.Initiation into jobs at a tender age - Some educated parents, force their children to acquire skill to become skilled labour at a very early age. After primary education due to lack of opportunities to study further children tend to work as skilled labour. After a while, the young boys get used to earning money and do not show willingness to come back to the school discipline. Young girls are compelled to stay at home and do household work.
