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James C. Renick School of Education. North Carolina A&T State University - Greensboro. PSU AE Senior Thesis 2006 Mick Leso - Structural. Location Existing Conditions Structural System Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions. Introduction.
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James C. Renick School of Education North Carolina A&T State University - Greensboro PSU AE Senior Thesis 2006 Mick Leso - Structural
Location Existing Conditions Structural System Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Introduction PROJECT TEAM • Owner North Carolina A&T State University • Architect The Freelon Group • Structural Stewart Engineering, Inc. • MEP RMF Engineering, Inc. • LArch Sasaki Associates, Inc. • Lighting Light Defines Form AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Existing Conditions Structural System Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Introduction BUILDING STATISTICS • 64,000 sq. ft. • Education/Administrative Use • 3 Stories Above Grade • Total Height: 48’-2” • Predicted Cost: $14 million • Construction: Summer ’06-Fall ’07 • 2 Boilers running at 60% • 250 Ton, Water-Cooled, Rotary Screw Chiller • (2) 2000 kVA transformers • 750 kW Standby Diesel Generator AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Structural System Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Existing Conditions ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES • 52’-6” Long, 40’ Wide Cantilever • 2 Stories w/ Varying Floor-to-Floor Height • 13’-4” Pedestrian Clearance 12’-6” 14’-2” 17’ AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Structural System Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Existing Conditions ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES • Exterior Façades Aluminum Mesh Sunscreen Fins Glazed Curtain Wall Concrete Panels w/ Exposed Rivets Steel Cantilever Truss Classroom Ribbon Windows Norman Brick Slate Panels AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System OVERVIEW • Steel Braced Frame on Shallow Foundation • Expansion Joint • Seismic Loads Control South Bldg. North Bldg. AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System WIDE FLANGE CANTILEVER TRUSSES • Preassembled for Speed Construction • Splices for Easy Transportation Splice Locations Splice Locations AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System WIDE FLANGE CANTILEVER TRUSSES • Continuous Span W14x211 & W14x90 Girders AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System WIDE FLANGE CANTILEVER TRUSSES • Columns Spliced Each Floor Level W14x43 Columns AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System WIDE FLANGE CANTILEVER TRUSSES W14x132 Main Columns AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System WIDE FLANGE CANTILEVER TRUSSES • Steel Strong in Tension W14x43 Truss Webs AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System WIDE FLANGE CANTILEVER TRUSSES • Additional Members in Compression W14x90 Truss Webs AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System TRUSS CONNECTIONS • Braces • Cap/Base Plates • Stiffener Plates • Gusset Plates • Assorted Angles • # of Bolts Varies • Splices • 88 Bolts (1” Diameter) • 1½” Thick Plates AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System HSS RECTANGULAR TUBE BRACING 6”x6”x½” Vertical Chevron Braces 8”x8”x¼” Horizontal Tubes Below Each Floor Slab AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System ADDITIONAL STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS • Two 12” Thick Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls • Composite Floor System • 3¼” Lightweight Concrete on 2” Metal Deck • 4” Shear Studs • Typical Beams: W21x44 & W24x55 • Shallow Foundation • 3000 psi, Normal Weight Concrete • Range From 1’-6” to 2’-6” Depth • Seven Cylinder-shaped Concrete Caissons • 6’ Diameter, Typically 12’ Deep • Supports Cantilever Columns AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Location Introduction Existing Conditions Research Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural System CANTILEVER STRUCTURE AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Introduction Existing Conditions Structural System Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Research CANTILEVERS • Examples • Diving Platforms • Cranes • Cantilever Bridges • Balance AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Introduction Existing Conditions Structural System Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Research FALLINGWATER • Reinforced Concrete • Dangerous Deflections • Post-Tensioning AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Introduction Existing Conditions Structural System Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Research CHONGQING PUBLIC LIBRARY • Reinforced Concrete • 80’ Wide, 54’ Long Cantilever Section • Concrete Truss System (dimensions in mm.) AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Existing Conditions Structural System Research Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Proposal SUPERSTRUCTURE CONSIDERATIONS • It is reasonable to build? • Advantages/Disadvantages? • Cost Comparison? Tension Reinforcement Balancing Weight Compression Reinforcement AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Structural System Research Proposal Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural Depth CONCRETE TRUSS • Four Design Options • 25’ Column Spacing • Same Floor-Floor Heights AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Structural System Research Proposal Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural Depth CONCRETE TRUSS • Similar to Cantilever Bridge w/ No Tension Members • 24”x40” Truss Web Members 30”x36” Main Column 24”x24” Girders 12”x16” Beams 12”x12” Columns AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Structural System Research Proposal Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions Structural Depth EFFECTS ON LATERAL SYSTEM • Concrete Trusses • Act as Lateral Braces • Incredibly Rigid * Larger Building Weight Increases Seismic Loads * Requires Additional Shear Walls in ⊥Direction * Greater Building Weight Means Larger Foundation AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Research Proposal Structural Depth Conclusions Questions Cost Analysis CONCRETE TRUSS SYSTEM Values for Greensboro (R.S. Means 2005) AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Research Proposal Structural Depth Conclusions Questions Cost Analysis COMPARISON * Total Building Cost: $14,000,000 Values for Greensboro (R.S. Means 2005) AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Questions Conclusions • Steel Braced Frame • Cheaper • Faster, More Precise Construction • Expansion Joint • Use of Composite Floor System • Lighter Superstructure • Seismic Conditions • Smaller Foundation AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Proposal Structural Depth Cost Analysis Questions Conclusions • Compare Cantilever Designs • Proved Steel Structure is Best • Question the Signature Building AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option
Structural Depth Cost Analysis Conclusions Questions AE Senior Thesis ’06 Mick Leso - Structural Option