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Jeannette Mancuso

Jeannette Mancuso. The Importance of Diet and Exercise for Students and It’s Effect on Their Schoolwork Brooklyn College 703.22 Professor O’Connor- Petruso Spring 2008. Table of Contents. Introduction Statement of the Problem Review of Related Literature Statement of the Hypothesis

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Jeannette Mancuso

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  1. Jeannette Mancuso The Importance of Diet and Exercise for Students and It’s Effect on Their Schoolwork Brooklyn College 703.22 Professor O’Connor-Petruso Spring 2008

  2. Table of Contents • Introduction • Statement of the Problem • Review of Related Literature • Statement of the Hypothesis • Participants • Experimental Design • Procedure • Graphs • Charts • Correlation • Results • Discussion • Implications • Threats to Internal validity • Threats to External validity

  3. Introduction • The importance of proper nutrition and exercise has been ↓ even though the obesity rate has been ↑. • Unfortunately, when dieting and exercising is done improperly, there can be some serious personal and physical side effects. • Each person needs to decide for themselves through research and proper information from highly established professionals what is clearly right or wrong.

  4. Statement of the Problem • How can we deliver proper nutrition and exercise in a child’s daily routine accurately to positively affect their schoolwork and their health?

  5. Review of Related Literature • Colquhoun & Kirk, 1989 p. 423-424 • French, Kaphingst, & Story, 2006, p.115-117 • Christie, Kathy, 2005, p. 5-7 • Adeyanju & Greene, 1991, p. 439-441

  6. Statement of the Hypothesis • Monitoring correct diet and exercise of both male and female adolescent students to ensure that they are living a healthy lifestyle will positively affect their academic performance in all subject areas and lower their chances of health complications for the future.

  7. Participants • Sample Size (N) =23 students • Ages ranged from12-19 • 13 Caucasian students, 3 Hispanic, 7 African American • 19 are female (two 19, one 18, two 17, six 16, one 15, three 14, two 13, and two 12 year olds) • 4 are male (two 13, one 14, and one 15 year old)

  8. Experimental Design • This is a Quasi Experimental Design. It includes a pre-test, and/or post-test design, a sample size, and instruments. • These pretests and posttests were a self-created study and has not been tested. To date, there are no validity and reliability coefficients; this is pilot tested. One Group Pretest-Posttest Design • Single group is pretested (o), exposed to a treatment (X), and posttested (0). • Symbolic Design OXO

  9. Procedure • 23 kids not randomly selected • Received pretest survey (Appendix B) • Received sample diary (Appendix D) • Received name of doctor (Appendix E) • List of foods that would help them along with their new diet (Appendix F) • Finally, children received posttest survey (Appendix C)

  10. Chart of Pretest Survey

  11. Discussion of Chart for Pretest Survey • The students wished to remain anonymous so their first letter of their first name is listed. • Columns B through J in Row 1 represent the questions from the pretest survey-actual questions found in Appendix B • This graph/chart is based on a Likert Scale 1=Absolutely, 2=Possibly, 3= Unlikely, and 4=No Way.

  12. Graph of Pretest Survey

  13. Correlation of Pretest-Posttest Surveyfor Questions 1 & 2 X column=number of students who picked Absolutely, Possibly, Unlikely, and No Way Y column=number of students who picked Absolutely, Slightly, Want more of a change, and No Way Question 1: Do you think that by altering your exercise and eating habits, you will/do feel better about yourself? Question 2: You will be/are more alert during school?

  14. Graph of Correlation of Pretest-Posttest Survey These results show a positive correlation of r = 0.716 with one degree of freedom

  15. Results:Pretest vs. Posttest

  16. Discussion • Adolescent students of both the male and female gender would generate a positive effect in both their schoolwork and their personal lives • Positive results are consistent with the opinions and findings of Colquhoun & Kirk (1989), Gortmaker, Kim, Lindsay, & Sussner (2006), Deusinger, Deusinger, Highstein, Racette, & Strube (1996), Adeyanju, & Greene (1991), etc… • Disagreements came from Lee, & Owen (1989), Taubes (2001) and Edwards (1988)

  17. Implications • If we had the right training for the children and teachers, we could find a way to get students and ourselves to start leading a healthier lifestyle to avoid the problems we could encounter in the future and allow students to work harder and better at their academic subjects. • It is with this conclusion that I believe that more empirical research is needed to establish how to instill these ideas effectively.

  18. Threats to Internal Validity • History • Maturation • Mortality • Testing • Instrumentation Threats to External Validity • Pretest Treatment • Selection-Treatment Maturation • Experimenter Effects • Ecological Validity

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