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STOICHIOMETRY Chapter 9

STOICHIOMETRY Chapter 9. What is stoichiometry?. Stoichiometry is the quantitative study of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Another way of converting from one unit to another. A form of Dimensional Analysis. What is a Mole?.

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STOICHIOMETRY Chapter 9

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  1. STOICHIOMETRYChapter 9

  2. What is stoichiometry? • Stoichiometry is the quantitative study of reactants and products in a chemical reaction. • Another way of converting from one unit to another. A form of Dimensional Analysis.

  3. What is a Mole? • A mole is a number (or conversion unit) used to represent billions of small molecules or atoms. • One mole is equal to Avagadros number. • Avagadros number or (1 mole) = 6.02 x 1023 particles, molecules, or atoms Ex: 1 dozen = 12 eggs A ream = 500 sheets

  4. How Big Is A Mole Video?

  5. Mole Ratios A mole ratio converts moles of one compound in a balanced chemical equation into moles of another compound. The coefficients of a balancedequation indicates how many moles of a compound are present.

  6. Mole Ratio Examples 1. 2Al2O3 (l) 4 Al (s) + 3O2 (g) Give the mole ratio of Al2O3 to oxygen (O2) • 2H2 (g) + O22H2O (g) Give the mole ratio of Hydrogen to water.

  7. Answers • 1. 2:3 • 2. 2:2 (reduce) 1:1

  8. Mole- Mole Problems • Problems where the given unit is in moles and the unknown unit is in moles. • OR • Problems where the starting unit is in moles and the final unit is in moles.

  9. Mole-to-Mole Problems (2) A can of butane lighter fluid contains 1.20 moles of butane (C4H10). Calculate the number of moles of carbon dioxide given off when this butane is burned. *Given unit is moles and unknown is moles. Therefore; this is a mole-to –mole conversion.

  10. Mole-Mole Problems Step #1: Balance equation Step #2: Re-write the Given information 2C4H10 + 13O2 8CO2 + 10H2O 1.20 mol C4H10 X _________ Step #3: Fill in the Molar Ratios between two compounds 1.20 mol C4H10 X 4 mol CO2 1 mol C4H10 Step #4: Mulitply all the numbers on top and divide by all of the numbers on the bottom. Step #5: Write the answer 4.8 mol of CO2

  11. Example 3.0 moles of magnesium combines with oxygen to form magnesium oxide. Calculate the number of moles of magnesium oxide produced. 2 Mg (s) + O2 (g) 2 MgO (s) Step #2: Re-write the Given 3.0 mol Mg X ________ Step #4: Fill in molar ratios for two compounds 3.0 mol Mg x 1 mol MgO = 3.0 mol MgO 1 mol Mg

  12. Class Assignment • Complete Ch. 9 Wksht #1 (found on my website)

  13. Converting Moles to Grams • Problems where you are converting from moles( given unit) to mass (unknown unit). • To convert from moles to grams: 1 mole of any substance is equal to its Molar Mass

  14. Examples- Converting Moles to Grams • Convert 5 moles of Al to grams: • 5 moles of Al x 27.0 g of Al = 135 g of Al 1 mole of Al Convert 3 moles of NaBr to grams: 3 mol of NaBr x 102.9 g of NaBr= 308.7 g NaBr 1 mol of NaBr

  15. Converting Grams to Moles • Convert 5 grams of Al to moles: • 5 g of Al x 1 mole of Al = .19 moles of Al 27.0 g of Al Convert 3 grams of NaBr to moles: 3 g of NaBr x 1 mol of NaBr= .03 mol of NaBr 102.9 g NaBr

  16. Classwork / Homework • Complete 9.2 Worksheet

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