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ENGM91 Project Planning Unit 4

ENGM91 Project Planning Unit 4. Project Planning. Introduction Why plan? To eliminate or reduce uncertainty To improve efficiency of the operation To obtain a better understanding of the objectives To provide a basis for monitoring and controlling work.

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ENGM91 Project Planning Unit 4

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  1. ENGM91 Project PlanningUnit 4

  2. Project Planning • Introduction • Why plan? • To eliminate or reduce uncertainty • To improve efficiency of the operation • To obtain a better understanding of the objectives • To provide a basis for monitoring and controlling work

  3. The consequences of poor planning(in the order they happen) • premature project initiation • wild enthusiasm • disillusionment • chaos • search for the guilty • punishment of the innocent • promotion of the non-participants • definition of the requirement

  4. Planning components • Objectives • a goal, target or quota to be achieved • Programme • strategy and major action to achieve objectives • Schedule • a plan to show when milestones will be reached • Budget • planned expenditure for the project

  5. Planning components • Forecast • a projection of what will/may happen when • Organisation • the projects management and personnel structure • Policy • a general guide to decision making and individual actions

  6. Planning components • Procedures • a detailed method for carrying out policy • Standards • a level performance defined as adequate and/or acceptable

  7. Planning Question • Considering what you already know about project management. Why is project planning so important? • Discuss in small groups

  8. Planning Steps • Step 1 Identify project scope and objectives • Identify objectives and measures of effectiveness in meeting them • Establish a project authority • Identify all stakeholders in the project and their interests • Modify objectives in the light of stakeholder analysis • Establish methods of communication with all parties

  9. Planning Steps • Step 2 Identify project infrastructure • Establish relationships between project and strategic planning • Identify installation standards and procedures • Identify project team organisation

  10. Planning Steps • Step 3 Analyse project characteristics • Distinguish the project as either objective or product driven • Analyse other project characteristic's • Identify high level project risk • Take into account user requirements concerning implementation • Select general life-cycle approach • Review overall resource estimates

  11. Planning Steps • Step 4 Identify project products and activities • Identify and describe project products (or deliverables) • Document generic product flows • Recognise product instances • Produce ideal activity network • Modify ideal to take into account need for stages and checkpoints

  12. Planning Steps • Step 5 Estimate effort for each activity • Carry out bottom-up estimates • Revise plans to create controllable activities

  13. Planning Steps • Step 6 Identify activity risk • Identify and quantify activity-based risks • Plan risk reduction and contingency measures where appropriate • Adjust plans and estimates to take account of risk

  14. Planning Steps • Step 7 Allocate resources • Identify and allocate all resources • Revise plans and estimates to account for resource constraints

  15. Planning Steps • Step 8 Review/publicise plan • Review quality aspects of project plan • Document plans and obtain agreement

  16. Planning Steps • Step 9 Execute plan • Step 10 Lower levels of planning • There are no sub-sections for steps 9 & 10

  17. Planning Discussion • London Gateway port is a major infrastructure project. The port is just starting to operate • At this point the London Gateway video will be shown • Now in small groups discuss the complexities and issues of planning a project like the London Gateway • The full class discussion will then follow

  18. PRINCE 2 • PRINCE is an acronym for: • Projects IN Controlled Environments • PRINCE was conceived and developed by the Central Computer and Telecommunication Agency (CCTA) • A UK government department

  19. PRINCE 2 • PRINCE 2 defines three key elements they are … • Processes • Components • Techniques • Each element has several fundamental constituents

  20. PRINCE 2 • Processes • Starting Up A Project (SU); • Initiating A Project (IP); • Directing A Project (DP); • Managing Stage Boundaries (SB); • Controlling A Stage (CS); • Managing Product Delivery (MP); • Closing A Project (CP); • Planning (PL) (also a Component and Technique)

  21. PRINCE 2 • Components • Business Case • Organisation • Planning (also a Process and Technique) • Controls • Management of Risk • Quality In A Project Environment • Configuration Management • Change Control

  22. PRINCE 2 • Techniques • Product-Based Planning (planning isalso a Process and Technique) • Change Controls • Quality Reviews

  23. PRINCE 2 • Example of actions within a process • Controlling A Stage process actions … • Authorise work packages • Assess progress • Capture project issues • Examine project issues • Review stage status • Report highlights • Take corrective action • Escalate project issues • Receive completed work packages

  24. PRINCE 2 • Actions within the Planning process PL 1 Design a Plan PL 2 Define and analyse PL 3 Identify activities and their dependencies PL 4 Estimate effort for each activity PL 5 Schedule PL 6 Analyse risk PL 7 Complete plan

  25. PRINCE 2 • PRINCE2 can be a very powerful tool is used wisely • It is not a panacea to all project problems • But, it provides a good structure on which to base the management of a project • PRINCE2 can become very prescriptive if you let it ….. don’t fall into this trap! • Overall PRINCE2 is a good framework to use

  26. Conclusion • Planning is important • Planning Frameworks • Project Frameworks

  27. Planning Question • If time allows consider the following • Why do you suppose that the coordination of various elements of the project is considered the most difficult aspect of project implementation? • Discuss the above in small groups

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