Downslope movements are classified according to all these variables except

2. Downslope movements are classified according to all these variables except rate of movement. amount of water present. shape of slope. type of earth material. mechanism of movement.

3. Downslope movements are classified according to all these variables except rate of movement. amount of water present. shape of slope. type of earth material. mechanism of movement.

4. What is the most common driving force of landslides? Water percentage Steepness of slope Shear strength Friction Weight

5. What is the most common driving force of landslides? Water percentage Steepness of slope Shear strength Friction Weight

6. How is the stability of a slope assessed? All these are ways to assess the stability Determining the relationship between steepness and the location of development Examining participation data Determining the relationship between driving forces and resisting forces Determining amount of vegetation present

7. How is the stability of a slope assessed? All these are ways to assess the stability Determining the relationship between steepness and the location of development Examining participation data Determining the relationship between driving forces and resisting forces Determining amount of vegetation present

8. What are the two basic patterns of movement for slides? Rotational and translational Vertical and translational Vertical and rotational Soil creep and rotational Soil creep and translational

9. What are the two basic patterns of movement for slides? Rotational and translational Vertical and translational Vertical and rotational Soil creep and rotational Soil creep and translational

10. Which situation would be the least likely to contribute to a potential soil slip? Unconsolidated soil on top of bedrock. Planting of native grasses on a previously bare hillside. Materials with differing permeabilities on top of each other. An increase in steepness of a slope covered with soil. A drought on a slope with thin soil.

11. Which situation would be the least likely to contribute to a potential soil slip? Unconsolidated soil on top of bedrock. Planting of native grasses on a previously bare hillside. Materials with differing permeabilities on top of each other. An increase in steepness of a slope covered with soil. A drought on a slope with thin soil.

12. Which variables interact to create unstable conditions for snow avalanches? Steepness of slope, weather, number of individuals on the slope Number of individuals on the slope, location of the slope, depth of snowpack None of the answers are correct Steepness of slope, number of individuals on the slope, depth of snowpack Steepness of slope, weather, stability of snowpack

13. Which variables interact to create unstable conditions for snow avalanches? Steepness of slope, weather, number of individuals on the slope Number of individuals on the slope, location of the slope, depth of snowpack None of the answers are correct Steepness of slope, number of individuals on the slope, depth of snowpack Steepness of slope, weather, stability of snowpack

14. Many areas at risk for high landslide incidence shown in red on the figure coincide with areas containing large lakes. fault lines. large rivers. mountainous/high elevation areas. coastal areas.

15. Many areas at risk for high landslide incidence shown in red on the figure coincide with areas containing large lakes. fault lines. large rivers. mountainous/high elevation areas. coastal areas.

16. What is not an effect of landslides? Damage homes and utilities. Possibly shutting down business because transportation costs increase. Triggering an earthquake. Flooding. Blockage of roads and railroads.

17. What is not an effect of landslides? Damage homes and utilities. Possibly shutting down business because transportation costs increase. Triggering an earthquake. Flooding. Blockage of roads and railroads.

18. What is a natural service function of landslides? • Remove old soil from a hillside. • Create new habitat for fish in landslide-dammed lakes. • Create paths for new ski slopes. • Remove trees for timber harvesting. • Remove large boulders from the side of a mountain.

19. What is a natural service function of landslides? • Remove old soil from a hillside. • Create new habitat for fish in landslide-dammed lakes. • Create paths for new ski slopes. • Remove trees for timber harvesting. • Remove large boulders from the side of a mountain.

20. How can humans increase the number and frequency of landslides? Improving drainage from the slope. Implement grading codes. Carefully planned grading of slopes. Logging on weak, unstable slopes. Build retaining walls.

21. How can humans increase the number and frequency of landslides? Improving drainage from the slope. Implement grading codes. Carefully planned grading of slopes. Logging on weak, unstable slopes. Build retaining walls.

22. Which of these is not a factor in why Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has more slope-stability problems than any other city of its size? New vegetation has been planted on the bare slopes, adding weight to the slopes. Removing vegetation for logging and construction of buildings and roads. Granite peaks framing the city have steep slopes of fractured rock covered with thin soil. Intense rainstorms that have dumped great amounts of rain in very short periods of time. Placing fill material on slopes to expand the size of building sites.

23. Which of these is not a factor in why Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has more slope-stability problems than any other city of its size? New vegetation has been planted on the bare slopes, adding weight to the slopes. Removing vegetation for logging and construction of buildings and roads. Granite peaks framing the city have steep slopes of fractured rock covered with thin soil. Intense rainstorms that have dumped great amounts of rain in very short periods of time. Placing fill material on slopes to expand the size of building sites.

24. How can areas where landslides are likely to occur be indentified? Areas of cleared vegetation down a hillslope Tongue-shaped masses of sediment at the base of the slope Crescent-shaped cracks present on a hillside All of these are ways to identify potential landslides Exposed bedrock with layering parallel to the slope

25. How can areas where landslides are likely to occur be indentified? Areas of cleared vegetation down a hillslope Tongue-shaped masses of sediment at the base of the slope Crescent-shaped cracks present on a hillside All of these are ways to identify potential landslides Exposed bedrock with layering parallel to the slope

26. How are landslide hazard and land-use maps like the one shown for Santa Clara County, California, used to minimize landslide hazards? Indicate definite “yes” or “no” for development. Show the exact places appropriate for development. Provide a general land use recommendation. Show the areas that have experienced landslides. All of these are ways they are used.

27. How are landslide hazard and land-use maps like the one shown for Santa Clara County, California, used to minimize landslide hazards? Indicate definite “yes” or “no” for development. Show the exact places appropriate for development. Provide a general land use recommendation. Show the areas that have experienced landslides. All of these are ways they are used.

28. How does the landslide hazard minimizing strategy shown in the figure help prevent landslides? Keep water at the surface so it only saturates the upper part of the slope. Divert water away from the slope. Pull water deeper into the base of the slope. Anchor the soil to the ground, keeping it from sliding. The device in the figure does not help prevent landslides.

29. How does the landslide hazard minimizing strategy shown in the figure help prevent landslides? Keep water at the surface so it only saturates the upper part of the slope. Divert water away from the slope. Pull water deeper into the base of the slope. Anchor the soil to the ground, keeping it from sliding. The device in the figure does not help prevent landslides.

30. How can grading of slopes be beneficial in preventing landslides? Removing material from the upper part and placing it at the base reduces the resisting force. Creating more level land for development. Grading is never used as a way to prevent landslides. Cutting a series of benches or steps into a high, steep slope reduces the overall slope and creates collection sites for small slides. Removing material from the base part and placing on the upper part reduces the overall slope.

31. How can grading of slopes be beneficial in preventing landslides? Removing material from the upper part and placing it at the base reduces the resisting force. Creating more level land for development. Grading is never used as a way to prevent landslides. Cutting a series of benches or steps into a high, steep slope reduces the overall slope and creates collection sites for small slides. Removing material from the base part and placing on the upper part reduces the overall slope.

32. Why do we still put in efforts to prevent landslides even though it is so expensive? Only efforts that cost less than $200,000 are seen as worthwhile and implemented. We cannot prevent landslides. Land is such at a premium that we are willing to spend money to use all land possible. We like to develop in areas that are prone to landslides. There is a high benefit-to-cost ratio and not doing so could be detrimental.

33. Why do we still put in efforts to prevent landslides even though it is so expensive? Only efforts that cost less than $200,000 are seen as worthwhile and implemented. We cannot prevent landslides. Land is such at a premium that we are willing to spend money to use all land possible. We like to develop in areas that are prone to landslides. There is a high benefit-to-cost ratio and not doing so could be detrimental.

34. Why do people chose to live in landslide areas? They do not think it will happen on their hillside since they are so infrequent. The land is better for development. They are closer to ski areas. The land is cheaper. Technical information is never shown or told to them.

35. Why do people chose to live in landslide areas? They do not think it will happen on their hillside since they are so infrequent. The land is better for development. They are closer to ski areas. The land is cheaper. Technical information is never shown or told to them.

36. Which is not a way an individual can minimize their landslide hazard? Learn avalanche safety procedures Do not spend money on expensive preventative measures Look for surface features that indicate possible landslide areas Watch for “little landslides” Be wary of leaks in swimming pools or fences that are tilted downslope

37. Which is not a way an individual can minimize their landslide hazard? Learn avalanche safety procedures Do not spend money on expensive preventative measures Look for surface features that indicate possible landslide areas Watch for “little landslides” Be wary of leaks in swimming pools or fences that are tilted downslope