How to access the Egypt Online activity…..

1. How to access the Egypt Online activity….. • Go to Internet Explorer • LIBRARY/MEDIA • JFK Middle School Library • Click Enter Library Site • Click 6th grade [on top] • Click Ancient Egypt • Click Online Activity • Follow the specific instructions in your pkt.

2. When you are finished: Hand in your packet to me….be prepared to be quizzed Go to Google Type “online Senet game” in Google Choose [3rd choice] scroll down to all the activities OR Choose Choice #1 Hounds and Jackals - The Cleveland Museum of Art

4. 30 minutes

5. “Egypt was the Gift of the Nile.” • After the video, you will be asked to answer this. • In 3 sentences, explain what this quote means. Be specific

6. Chapter 3 Ancient Egypt Lesson 1: Geography of Egypt

7. Lesson 1 Vocabulary • silt • delta • economy • irrigation • Nile River Valley • Upper Egypt –in the south • Lower Egypt – in the north

8. Lesson 2 Vocabulary • pharaoh • pyramid * = place • empire *Memphis • Menes *Thebes • Khufu *Kush • Hatshepsut *Valley of the Kings • Howard Carter • Tutankhamun

9. Lesson 3 Vocabulary • hieroglyphics • papyrus • scribe • Rosetta Stone • slavery

10. Social Pyramid • pharaoh • gov’t officials • soldiers • scribes • merchants • artisans • farmers • slaves

11. Lesson 1 Geography of Egypt

12. 1. Nile River Valley • It’s located around the Nile River • It’s a thin strip of fertile land around the river • Nile: the longest river in the world-4000+ miles long • Flows south to north into the Mediterranean Sea • Most important part of Egyptian life.

13. Upper Egypt Located in the southern part of Egypt Lower Egypt Located in the northern part of Egypt 1. Nile River Valley [cont’d]

14. DELTA Med. Sea Nile River Valley RED SEA

15. 2. Overflow of the Nile • When does it overflow? - Every summer after the rainy season. • What is left behind? • Silt – clay and bits of black soil and rock • Many minerals • After many years, silt built up. CREATING>>>>>>>>>

16. 3. Nile Delta • Delta: land made by deposits of silt, sand and small stones at the mouth of the river.

17. Ancient Egypt’s economy was based on FARMING!

18. Farming Economy • Economy: use of workers and resources to produce goods • Crops: wheat and grains • Nile: the richest farmland at the time • Planning: cultivate in the summer, harvest in October, pick in the spring.

19. 5. Irrigation • Irrigation: watering of dry lands by means of streams, canals, and pipes. Helped crops! • Moving/Storing Water: -trapped overflow from the Nile’s dams -carried in bags -moved in canals - Shadufs- {wells}

20. United Village What was it that united the village? COOPERATION!

21. Lesson 2 History of Ancient Egypt

22. Upper Egypt Upper and Lower Egypt Unite • Creating a new nation under King Menes-Upper Egypt. • Double Crown now worn. • Pharaoh had absolute power unlike our president. Lower Egypt

23. PRESIDENT Our president is elected by the people for 4 yrs [8 yrs for a double term] A president isn’t buried in a pyramid PHARAOH A pharaoh is born into power Mummified Honored as a god How is our president and a pharaoh different?

24. How are they the same? • leaders • powerful • have people working for them-governors • Collect taxes from the people • Mostly men

25. The Great Pyramid- commissioned by King Khufu as his final resting place. Average person 5’ 5”

26. The Great Pyramid • 48 stories high – That’s 24 JFK’s • 13 acres of land • 100,000 workers • 20 years to complete • The Sphinx sat outside it, guarding and protecting it.

27. Learning from an Invasion • Hyksos (hik-sos)-nomads • Used weapons of advanced technology • What did they use? • Horse-drawn chariots, swords, metal armor • Egyptians couldn’t protect themselves and were conquered. • Hyksos took over Egypt- approx. 200 yrs.

28. With all bad comes good! • Egyptians learned important military skills from watching the Hyksos. • They learned to ride horses. • They became expert charioteers. • They eventually drove the Hyksos out of Egypt! • Moral: Watch and learn from your mistakes!

29. Valley of the Kings • Many pharaohs and other rulers were buried there • Great curiosity to archaeologists • Howard Carter – 1922- found King Tut’s tomb • The tomb had been closed for 3,200+ years and everything was intact. • http://www.youtube.com/profile?user=historyteachers#p/search/1/cAQyFO_fPmM May 9 , 1874- March 2, 1939

32. Sphinx of Hatshepsut

34. Hatshepsut- born July 27th • First woman ruler • Greatly enriched Egypt’s wealth for 20 yrs. • Sent PEACEFUL trading expedition to East Africa and Asia- ivory, gold, spices • Her reign was removed from the walls of Egypt.

35. Tombs for the Pharaohs • Planned as soon as he was crowned • Made of mud brick • PYRAMIDS – • 20 years to complete • 500 pounds per stone • West side of the Nile- (Osiris)

36. Lesson 3 Egyptian Civilization

37. A New Civilization • The Egyptian culture achieved a level of civilization beyond the New Stone Age. • A civilization must have these three elements: • A system of government • A system of religion • A system of learning

38. A System of Writing • Egyptian writing = hieroglyphics • Hieroglyphs are the pictures or signs • Pharaohs often had their important information carved into the walls or a person’s tombs –told a story

39. The Rosetta Stone Religious Egyptians Pharaoh

40. A scribe’s jobs Who is a scribe? • A male • Responsible for keeping track of taxes and anything else for the pharaoh. • Well-respected, will never know poverty • Must give-up play time

41. Lesson 4 Egyptian Religion

42. http://www.youtube.com/profile?user=historyteachers#p/u/23/1JqlAD7dn-EReligionhttp://www.youtube.com/profile?user=historyteachers#p/u/23/1JqlAD7dn-EReligion • Afterlife: Life after death • Important part of daily life • Upper and Lower Egypt had different gods/goddesses Eye of Horus

43. Amon Re – Sun god Chief god Protects the rich and the poor Born each day in the east and dies each day in the west. Osiris – god of the living and dead god of the Afterlife Wife was Isis – most powerful goddess Examples of gods/goddesses

44. 2. Life Ever After • Souls of the dead needed supplies to survive in the …NEXT WORLD (food, jewels, clothes, slaves)

45. They believed bodies needed to be preserved • -Mummies: wrapped w/linen and oils….20 layers • process takes 2-3 months removing organs, (filled w/salt) • Who gets mummified? - Usually royalty – Pharaohs or those who could afford it.

46. Coffin/Sarcophagus • Mummies inside • Pharaohs had 3-7 coffins – one inside the other. Why? • Outer most coffin shaped like the body with painted face. Why? • The mummy industry *professional coffin-makers and tomb builders, but also professional mourners. They would wail and scream at funerals, to show how much the dead person would be missed.

47. In your notebooks:Choose a god or goddess for your poem • Which god or goddess most appeals to you? • Why? Be specific • Do you have something in common? • What is it? • What is this god or goddess like? Be descriptive

48. Where’s My Mummy Annual Activity? You and your team are responsible for wrapping your king or queen for burial. The judges and I will be walking around, watching and listening to your group. The best looking mummy wins, but you must have also worked well together, just like the Egyptians did.