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Organizing and Managing Your Hard Disk

Chapter 8. Organizing and Managing Your Hard Disk. Overview. Learn how to organize a hard disk efficiently and logically to serve your specific needs. Overview. How to determine the best command to use to locate a specific file, or to manage the hard disk, will be discussed. Overview.

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Organizing and Managing Your Hard Disk

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  1. Chapter 8 Organizing and Managing Your Hard Disk Ch 8

  2. Overview Learn how to organize a hard disk efficiently and logically to serve your specific needs. Ch 8

  3. Overview How to determine the best command to use to locate a specific file, or to manage the hard disk, will be discussed. Ch 8

  4. Overview Will discuss the purpose and function of the CHKDSK command and then use the command to accomplish various tasks. Ch 8

  5. Overview Use the Disk Defragmenter program to optimize performance of your disk. Ch 8

  6. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Will accumulate many programs. • Each program generates many files. Ch 8

  7. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Windows XP Professional is installed, certain folders are created including: • Windows (WINNT) • Program Files • Documents and Settings • My Documents Ch 8

  8. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Integrated programs(suites): • Provide tools for common types of work. Ch 8

  9. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Additional programs must be installed on the hard disk before they can be used. Ch 8

  10. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Critical programs that should be purchased/downloaded: • Virus checking program • File compression utility Ch 8

  11. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Need to determine: • How program is installed • Where program is installed Ch 8

  12. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Root directory table capacity varies depending on the file system used. Ch 8

  13. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Can choose own installation location. • Can present problem when asking for technical support. Ch 8

  14. Why Organize a Hard Disk?Fig 8.1 A Typical Hard Disk Configuration p. 377 Ch 8

  15. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Where should data files be placed? • Do NOTplace data files in program folders. • Data files contain information. • Program files contain instructions. Ch 8

  16. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Part of good organizational scheme is to create meaningful names for data files • Need naming conventions • Long file names problematic • Use of spaces can create problems • Similar file names problematic Ch 8

  17. Why Organize aHard Disk?Fig 8.2 Organizing a Hard Disk by Software Application Package p. 379 Ch 8

  18. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Data files used in conjunction with different programs can be problematic. Ch 8

  19. Why Organize a Hard Disk? • Organize disk by way you work. • Application programs are tools. Ch 8

  20. Why Organize a Hard Disk? Organization should assist you in saving, retrieving, and backing up data files. Ch 8

  21. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk Criteria for Organizing a Hard Disk A. Root directory - map to rest of disk B. Plan organization of hard disk C. Develop a naming convention for files and directories Ch 8

  22. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk D. Create many folders/subfolders prior to copying files into them E. If application software installed on computer, cannot/must not rename/move program/program support files Ch 8

  23. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk F. Create shallow/wide folders NOT compact deep folders G. Data files and program files should not be in same subdirectory Ch 8

  24. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk H. Many small directories with few files better than a large subdirectory with many files I. Directory names short but descriptive Ch 8

  25. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk J. Create separate subdirectory for batch files K. Create UTILS (utilities) subdirectory Ch 8

  26. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk L. Learn how to use application packages and how packages work M. Learn how application package works with subdirectories Ch 8

  27. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk N. Analyze way you work O. Analyze your environment Ch 8

  28. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk Hard disks can be organized in many ways. Ch 8

  29. Methods of Organizing a Hard Disk Organization should be result of: • How you work • How programs work Ch 8

  30. Organizing a Disk Hard disk can be reorganized without reformatting it or losing files. Ch 8

  31. Viewing Disk Structure with Tree Command TREE command used to see graphic representation of disk structure. Ch 8

  32. Viewing Disk Structure with Tree Command TREE syntax: TREE [drive:] [path] [/F] [/A] Ch 8

  33. Activity - Using the TREE Command KEY CONCEPTS: • See graphical representation of folder structure • Tree command with /A and with /F • Extended character set • Using graphic representation with redirection or MORE filter Ch 8

  34. Organizing the DATA Disk • Looking at structure, not contents, of text files • Reorganizing DATA disk will make it easier to manage • Note: in next slide, … represents file names Ch 8

  35. Organizing the DATA DiskFig. 8.5 Current DATA Disk Structure p. 388 Ch 8

  36. Activity—Setting Up the GAMES Subdirectory KEY CONCEPTS: • COPY - copies only files not subdirectories • Can manipulate default directory to shorten path name • Advantages of XCOPY command • Using ATTRIB -S -H - R *.* • Take care when using DEL with a wild card Ch 8

  37. MOVE Command Revisited MOVE command can: • Move files to new location • Rename subdirectories Ch 8

  38. MOVE Command Revisited • Safe to move data files and data directories. • Moving program files and renaming program directories may cause program to fail. Ch 8

  39. MOVE Command Revisited Program files: • Not usually copied to location • Installed in location with a setup program Ch 8

  40. Activity—Using MOVE to Organize Your Disk KEY CONCEPTS: • ATTRIB - hide files that won’t be moved • REN - does not rename subdirectories • Results of using MOVE command • Differences between moving files and renaming subdirectories • When GUI is more efficient Ch 8

  41. Checking a Disk: FAT and NTFS CHKDSK is a viable utility program. Ch 8

  42. Checking a Disk: FAT and NTFS Use CHKDSK to get information about a disk: • Free space available • Bad spots • File fragmentation • Logical structure problems Ch 8

  43. Checking a Disk: FAT and NTFS CHKDSK command with FAT file system: • Analyzes: • File Allocation Tables on disk • Integrity of files • Traces chain of data for each file • Gives statistical information Ch 8

  44. Checking a Disk: FAT and NTFS NTFS uses MFT to track files on disk. Ch 8

  45. Checking a Disk: FAT and NTFS CHKDSK command with NTFS: • Stage 1 • Looking for discrepancies or problems • Stage 2 • Verifies directories • Checks for internal consistency • Verifies files times/dates/size • Stage 3 • Checks/verifies security for each directory and file Ch 8

  46. Checking a Disk: FAT and NTFS CHKDSK syntax: CHKDSK [volume] [[path] filename]] [/F] [/V] [/R] [/X] [/I] [/C] [/L[:size]] Ch 8

  47. Checking a Disk: FAT and NTFS • Some parameters valid only with . . . • FAT file system. • NTFS drives. • Need administrator privileges to run CHKDSK on hard disk. Ch 8

  48. Activity—Using CHKDSK on Hard & Floppy Drives KEY CONCEPTS: • Information provided by CHKDSK • How to repair a disk Ch 8

  49. Verbose Parameter with the CHKDSK Command CHKDSK with /V on FAT drive: • Running in verbose mode • Gives status report • Displays every file on disk Ch 8

  50. Verbose Parameter with the CHKDSK Command CHKDSK with /V on NTFS drive: • Displays any clean-up messages Ch 8

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