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Review Ch. 1

Review Ch. 1. Motion and Forces. Section One. When an object’s distance from another object is changing , it is in motion. A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion is called a reference point. Measuring Motion.

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Review Ch. 1

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  1. Review Ch. 1 Motion and Forces

  2. Section One • When an object’s distance from another object is changing, it is in motion. • A place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion is called a reference point.

  3. Measuring Motion • The International System of Units is used all over the world. • It is also called the Metric System and is based on units of ten. • The basic unit of length is the meter. • The basic unit of mass is the gram.

  4. Speed • If you know the distance an object has traveled in a certain amount of time, you can determine the speed of the object. • If the speed of an object does NOT change, the object is traveling at a constant speed. • Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time. • Speed=Distance • Time

  5. Graphing Motion You can show the motion of an object on a line graph in which you plot distance against time. The steepness of the line is called the rise.

  6. Velocity • When you know both the speed and direction of an object’s motion, you know the velocity. • 55 mph = speed • 55 mph west = velocity • 26 m/sec • 15 km/hr south • 9.5 m/sec downward

  7. Acceleration • The rate at which velocity changes is called acceleration. • Acceleration does NOT only mean speeding up!!!! • Changing direction is an example of a kind of acceleration. • Deceleration is a type of acceleration.

  8. More on Acceleration • To determine the acceleration rate of an object, you must calculate the change in speed during each unit of time. • If speed is measured in kilometers per hour and time is measured in hours, the unit of acceleration is kilometers per hour per hour or km/hr/hr.

  9. Because we are constantly changing direction, even though we are traveling on the Earth at constant speed, we are accelerating! To us, on the surface of the Earth, we are standing still, but to this guy, we are accelerating.

  10. When you ride in the school bus, it seems like you are not accelerating from the reference point of your friend. But to someone outside the bus, you are changing direction. When the bus travels at a constant speed in a straight line, it is not accelerating, but when it goes around a corner, it is accelerating.

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