Week 2.3

1. Week 2.3

2. Essay Tracking • Pickup your writing folder from the back of the room • Take out your essay tracking sheet (if you have not made one yet, you’ll need to do so)

3. Tips for Improving Rhetorical Analysis • No first person (I) or personal narratives • Write in the present tense • Do not need to identify line or paragraph numbers • Rhetoric, ethos, logos, pathos = nouns • Rhetorical, ethical, logical, emotional = adjectives • The author uses logos • The author makes a logical appeal

4. Tips for Improving Rhetorical Analysis • Keep your introduction down to 2-3 sentences • 1 – summary • 2 – EAP • 3 – Thesis • If you are struggling with purpose, it is usually one of three things: • Persuade • Inform • Entertain

5. Tips for Improving Rhetorical Analysis • Introduce the author’s full name and title of the text in the introduction (probably in the summary sentence) • Do not make assumptions about the author • Cannot simply say “the author uses logos, pathos, ethos, and tone” for your thesis statement!! • Specify types – facts and data, fear of loss, right vs. wrong • Specify tone – the author uses a _____ tone • Choose 2 or 3 of the most important appeals • You cannot analyze everything!

6. Tips for Improving Rhetorical Analysis • Identify the type of piece correctly (it’s in the prompt!) • Will always be non-fiction: essay, speech, memoir etc • Not fiction: story, novel, etc • No quotes in the intro • If arguing that the text is not effective, that should be in your thesis and should be the focus of all your body paragraphs

7. Tips for Improving Rhetorical Analysis • Do not start a sentence with a quotation • Called a “drop quote” • Always introduce with “the author says/argues/agrees…” • Or integrate into your sentence: Despite their often lack of education, “average professional ballplayers are much more respected and better paid than faculty members at the best universities.” • Shorter quotes; more analysis • 1line quote/2 lines analysis • Or 2xs more analysis than quotes

8. Tips for Improving Rhetorical Analysis • When discussing quotes, do not simply restate or paraphrase what the quote says • Rather, explain how and why it appeals to the reader/why it is persuasive • Summary = What the author said • Analysis = How the author said it • The majority of your essay should be analysis!

9. Tips for Improving Rhetorical Analysis • Use transition words in topic sentences • The author begins, opens, closes, contrasts, shifts to, juxtaposes, ends, moves to • Use strong verbs to describe what the author does, not weak verbs • Strong verbs = analysis • Weak verbs = summary • Topic sentences introduce next item you will analyze or what the author is doing in a section, not what he or she says (aka don’t summarize in a topic sentence)

10. Weak Verbs = Summary • The author… • Says • This quote shows • Relates • Explains • Goes on to say • States • Tells • Shows

11. Strong Verbs = Analysis implies trivializes flatters qualifies processes describes suggests denigrates lionizes dismisses analyzes questions compares vilifies praises supports enumerates contrasts emphasizes demonizes establishes admonishes expounds argues defines ridicules minimizes narrates lists warns

12. Example of 8 Essay • Read with partner • Write down 3 things the essay does well that earn it an 8

13. Theme Essay Reminders • Bring Current Event on Wednesday for 2 bonus points • Early submission for 3 bonus points on Friday • Typed final essay due Monday, Oct 24 • Typed, double-spaced • Standard essay formatting (on website) • MLA Citations • I’m happy to help you with the citations and/or read rough drafts!

14. Rhetorical Analysis • If you missed one of the two days, you MUST come to tutorials to finish the essay • Counts as a major grade • Will go on gradespeed before progress reports are sent this weekend

15. AP Multiple Choice Hints • About 60 questions in 60 minutes • Essays – 55%, Multiple Choice – 45% • Points awarded for correct answers • No points given for skipped questions • No points deducted for incorrect answers • Try to answer every question!

16. AP Multiple Choice Hints • Read for the big picture • Do not read the questions before the essay; you’ll filter out big picture ideas as you look for details. • Answer easy questions first. Circle the difficult ones and come back to them if you have time. • Go back to the passage when the question refers to certain lines • Read around the lines specified to determine context

17. AP Multiple Choice • Work on questions in groups of 4 • Read passage carefully (may make notes on sheet of paper) • Write down words you don’t know if your vocabulary section – look them up! • Answer multiple choice questions on scantron • Everyone will complete passages 1-3; may do the 4th passage for extra credit

18. Scaled Scoring Number Correct – Score • 0 – 70 • 1 – 71 • 2 – 73 • 3 – 74 • 4 – 75 • 5 – 77 • 6 – 78 • 7 – 79 • 8 – 80 • 9 – 82 • 10 – 83 • 11 – 84 • 12 – 86 • 13 – 87 • 14 – 88 • 15 – 90 • 16 – 91 • 17 – 92 • 18 – 93 • 19 – 95 • 20 – 96 • 21 – 97 • 22 – 99 • 23 – 100 • Plus 1 point per number correct on 4th set • Up to seven bonus points

19. The Scarlet Letter • Written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 • Set in Massachusetts Puritan Colony in mid 1640s • Hester Prynne imprisoned for adultery, made to wear a scarlet “A” on her chest for rest of her life • Town treats her cruelly, despite her kindness • The novel questions similar issues as The Crucible – religion, guilt, sin, adultery, reputation, hypocrisy, true kindness

20. Crucible Theme Essay • Early submission for 3 bonus points on Friday • Typed final essay due Monday, Oct 24 • Typed, double-spaced • Standard essay formatting (on website) • MLA Citations • I’m happy to help you with the citations and/or read rough drafts!

21. Standing RR Reminder! • Compare poem to something we’ve read • Compare non-fiction (essay, article, speech) to something we’ve read • Compare something you’re learning in another class to something we’ve read • Write 2 pages on one of your writing territories OR write a creative piece • *About 1 page each

22. Situational Irony • Acontrast between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen

23. Verbal Irony • An incongruity between what is said and what is meant

24. Dramatic Irony • Occurs when readers know more about a situation or a character in a story than the characters do • When does dramatic irony occur in The Crucible?