Welcome to Poland

1. Welcome to Poland

2. Capital: Warsaw the largest Polish city, located in the central-eastern part of the country in the Mazowsze region, on the Wisła River. Since 2002, the city of Warsaw is having the status of municipality of cities and towns. Warsaw is the scientific, cultural, political and economic center in Europe. Fall in the Houses of Parliament, the President, Prime Minister and other central authorities. Warsaw is the capital of the province of Mazovia. Warsaw is the only city in the current Polish borders honored with the Silver Cross of the Order of Military Virtue War (and the second in the history of the Polish city of Lviv). Warsaw is the largest Polish city in terms of population (1 711 324 inhabitants in June 2012) and the surface (517.24 km ², including the Wisła).

3. Wilanów Palace- the royal palace in Warsaw's Royal Wilanów, baroque, built between 1681-1696 for King Jan III Sobieski and Mary Casimire designed by Augustine Locci, the wings were built in the years 1723-1729, is the Palace Museum in Wilanów. In 1994, the palace complex in Wilanów Royal with Morysin was declared a historical monument. Royal Baths Park in Warsaw- the palace and park in Warsaw, with its monuments classicist, founded in the eighteenth century by King Stanislaw August Poniatowski. The whole premise was made ​​by royal architects: Dominik Merlini, Johann Christian and Johann Christian Kamsetzer Szucha. Czerniakowskie Lake Nature Reserve- Nature Reserve is located in Warsaw's Mokotów. The purpose of the creation of the reserve was to preserve the ecological and social reasons backwaters of the Vistula and its surrounding areas which, with the characteristic landscape and rich flora and fauna, which are a valuable part of the natural environment in Warsaw.

4. Sosnowiec- a city with county rights in the South Polish, in Silesia, located in the Silesian Upland, the three rivers Przemsza Black, White Przemsza and Brynica. Located in the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Industrial District (GOP) within the industrial area known as the Dabrowski Basin. The third in terms of population city Silesia (in Katowice and Czestochowa) and fifteenth in Poland. City`s nature Sosnowiec is a very green city. Parks, squares, allotment gardens and forests constitute nearly a quarter of the city`s total area. Around 800 ha of its areas are considered to be of great natural interest and 5 Sosnowiec parks are listed in the Silesian Register of Monuments. 74 monument trees as well as many animal species are to be found in the city.

5. Sosnowiec has more than 2250 hectares of green areas in parks, squares, protected zones, allotment gardens and woods. - Scout Park in Sosnowiec Dawn Hill - Park Forestin Sosnowiec Kazimierz Mining the lake of the same name and a zoo - Park Sielecki in Sosnowiec Sielec

6. - Park Schön's Środula - Park Środula - relativelyyoung park with an artificialskislope - Kruczkowskiego Park (Park Kresowa)

7. Rivers and waterways: - Black Przemsza - White Przemsza - Brynica

8. - Bobrek - Stream Zagorski Reservoirs and lakes: - Balaton Porabce

9. - Forest in Kazimierz Mining - Seeing them in the Old Sosnowiec

10. Wigry - glacial lake located in the north-eastern Poland, in Podlaskie the Wigry National Park. Wigler surface by a variety of sources ranging from 2115 to 2118.3 hectares, the average depth of 15.4 to 15.8 meters, the maximum depth from 73 to 74.2 meters. Wigry are among the deepest (5th place in the country) and the largest (10th place) Polish lakes.

11. Tatry- Tatra Chain lie in Central Western Carpathians.Tatras area is 785 km ², of which about 175 km ² (22.3%) lies within Polish borders, and around 610 km ² (77.7%) in Slovakia.Tatra length, measured from the eastern foothills of the mare's Peak (1109 m) to the south-western foothills Kwaczańskiego Sharp Peak (1128 m), is in a straight line 57 km, and closely along the main ridge 80 km. Home Tatras ridge runs from Huciańskiej Pass (905 m) in the west to Zdziarska Pass (1081 m) in the east. Tatras are protected by the establishment in their territory Polish Tatra National Park and Slovak TANAP and belonging to the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.

12. Valley of Five Polish Ponds- alpine, glacial valley with a length of 4.0 km and 6.5 km ² area, is located in the Tatra National Park, at an altitude of 1625-1900 meters above sea level The slopes of the mountains and the valley floor is covered with dwarf pine and other alpine plants (in the valley do not grow trees, but one of larch on the Big Pond). Interesting flora very rare plant in Poland found only in few places (most of them only in the mountains). The area of the valley is the mainstay of wild animals: bear, chamois, marmots, deer and lynx.

13. Mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra)- a species of tree (or shrub) type of softwood pine (Pinus) belongs to the pine family (Pinaceae). It occurs in areas of the mountain ranges of Central and Southern Europe in the floor of the upper montane korowai above and below the floor halls. In Poland: Tatry, Sudetenland, and Piľsko Babia Mountain, a small mountain pine positions are also available on Policy, Romance, and on top of Czyrńca.

14. Sudetenland- a mountain in the south-western Polish and northern Czech Republic, a relatively small area is located in Germany, the highest peak in White, 1602 meters above sea level, is the highest part of the Bohemian Massif and the highest mountains in the Czech Republic. Stretching from the Elbe Valley Moravian Gate. From the North East are a clear cut facet - facet of marginal Sudeten Sudeten Foreland. The northern border of the plain of the Silesian-Lusatian line Złotoryja - Boleslawiec - Zgorzelec is arbitrary. Also on the southern border of Bohemia and Moravia is quite tangled.

15. Table Mountain- the mountain range in the Central Sudetes, at the junction of the Eastern Sudetes. Uplifted by 30 million years ago, is one of the few in Europe up companies. Plates in the Upper Cretaceous sandstone ashlar are arranged horizontally - hence the name of the mountains, as flat as a table. The western part of the Table Mountains is located in the Czech Republic and is called Upland Broumov (czes Broumovská Highlands). South-western edge of the band in the vicinity of Mieroszow - Gorzeszow - Krzeszow - Chełmska - Okrzeszyn called valves. In 1993, in the Table Mountains created the Table Mountain National Park.

16. Wisla (Vistula Latin) - the longest Polish river, with a length of 1047 km. It is also the longest river which flows into the Baltic Sea. The sources of the river are located in southern Poland, at an altitude of 1107 meters above sea level, on the western slope Barania in the Silesian Beskid Mountains. Wisla have a delta and flows into the Gulf of Gdansk, the average annual flow in the section of the estuary is 1046 m³ / s

17. Paradise Cave- limestone karst cave located near the Chęcin (Holy Cross Mountains) in the Voivodship in the nature reserve "Paradise Cave", 11 km southwest of Kielce. Salt Mine "Wieliczka"- salt mine in Wieliczka near Krakow. From the thirteenth century to 1772 together with the mine "Bochnia" was part of the company Salt Mine in Krakow. Salts mined in the mine are from the Miocene and have been associated with works by the movement of tectonic shift in the Alpine orogeny present site of the original location of the minimum distance of several tens of kilometers

18. Object of the UNESCO World Heritage list Bialowieza Forest- forest complex located in the Polish and Belarus, exhibiting large natural and historic values​​. The Bialowieza Forest survived the last fragments of a primary forest. Here lives the largest population of free bison in the world. The rich flora Bialowieza Forest is rich in species of rare, endangered and protected. One of the most precious relic is often in the northern Polish origin taxa such as peat violet Viola epipsila, cotton-grass Eriophorum gracile delicate, twinflower Linnaea borealis, Betula humilis, willow Salix myrtilloides, Saxifraga hirculus, blue Polemonium caeruleum, moor royal Pedicularis sceptrum-Carolinum or Sweertia perennis lasted. An interesting element of the flora of the forest is also rich populations of two rare species of ferns - rutolistnego least grape fern Botrychium multiidum and Botrychium matricariifolium and the presence of three species protected by the Habitats Directive - Pasque open (Pulsatilla patens), Leniec (Thesium ebracteatum) and rapeseed bristly (Agrimonia pilosa) Pasque open

19. The Bialowieza Forest live 58 species of mammals, which accounts for over 70 percent of Polish lowland fauna within that group. Of the 33 species present in Poland are legally protected, and 12 listed in the Polish Red Book of Animals. Typical species coexist here for different climate zones and geographies. The largest mammals are temperate and mammals inhabiting the temperate zone at the same time and Boreal aurochs wolf lynx owl beaver bat

20. Baltic Sea- a shallow inland sea on the continental shelf in northern Europe. Combined with the North Sea through the Danish Straits (Sound, Little and Great Belt) and the Kattegat and Skagerrak. The western border of the Baltic proper and the Öresund threshold towing underwater at a depth of 18-20 m from Gedser (island of Falster) to Cape Darßer Ort (Darß) west of this line is the Western Baltic basin area of ​​about 8000 km ², called by the Germans the Ostsee, this reservoir includes a body of Danish Straits (except the Little and Great Belt) as well as smaller, Alsenbelt, Fehmarnbelt, Langelandsbælt.

21. Grey Seal In the Baltic, there are three species of seals: gray seal, harbor seal and ringed seal. The biggest, yet most often appearing in the Polish coast of the gray seal is a seal. Males reach up to 3 meters long and up to 310 kg body weight for most individuals. Females in each species that seals are smaller, they reach an average length of 1.8 m and 155 kg body weight. The size of the Baltic population is estimated at 24,500 individuals Porpoise Porpoise found in shallow coastal waters, cool temperate to subarctic in the northern hemisphere (including the waters of the Baltic). Lives alone or in small groups.

22. Hel - sandy scythe-shaped shaft, which is a series of forested dunes formed by wind and sea currents flowing eastward along the Polish border. Spit length is 34 km, the width of its base 300 by 150 m at its narrowest point, to about 3 km on the promontory. It has a surface of 32.3 km ². It is the youngest part of the coast in Poland, because even 200-300 years ago there was a string of islands. Spit departs from Embankment Kashubian, extending southeast of the plateau called Kepa Swarzewska. It starts in Władysławowo and separates the Bay of Puck, and partly from the Gdansk Bay of the Baltic Sea. Shore from the open sea is smooth, while a bay torn on which is strongly influenced by ocean currents.

23. White Stork- a species of wading bird The white stork is a large bird. It has a length of 100-115 cm and a height of 100-125 cm. Wingspan of 155-215 cm and its weight is 2.3-4.5 kg. Like all storks white storks have long legs, long neck and long straight pointed beak The white stork is a bird herd, herds of thousands of individuals were listed on the migration routes and wintering grounds in Africa. In the breeding season the birds that do not participate in the program types gather in groups of 40 or 50 individuals

24. Bald ordinary, white-tailed eagle- a species of bird of prey in the family accipitridae. The largest bird with claws northern Europe. The distinctive silhouette is characterized by robustness and long and wide wings straight, parallel edges. Females are slightly larger than males, but not in the plumage differences between the sexes. The back and abdomen dark brown. In Poland, subject to strict species protection. Crane - a species of bird in the crane family (Gruidae), living in the northern and central parts of Eurasia. Until recently, he could be found throughout Europe. As a result of drying wet forests destroyed its breeding grounds and is now south of the Baltic Sea and the south of Europe there is only insular. Continuous coverage includes the Scandinavian Peninsula, northern Russia and Asia through to eastern Siberia. Spring return in March and April and the autumn flights in September and October. Wintering in the Iberian Peninsula in Western Asia and North Africa as far as Sudan.

25. Types of forests growing on Polish territory are: forests, alder forests, wetlands, hornbeam, beech, here are the characteristics of different types of forest Pine forests -which account for about 50% of the forests in the country, grow on poor in minerals, acidified, tree trunks are slender and tall treetops, as typical plants we find juniper, pine, moss and lichens as ground cover, are in the the whole Polish, for example, lakeland, Tuchola, Bialowieza Forest Mixed forests - forests mixed with rich forest litter grow on acidic soils, typical plants include pine, oak, aspen, linden, poplar, birch, fir, hazel, viburnum, rowan, bilberry, lily of the valley, found throughout the Polish, usually on the sands, for example Augustowska Forest, Borecka, Greater Lowland, Mazury Lake District

26. Grady- deciduous forests, there understory and ground cover, heavily transformed by man, a typical plant, oak, hornbeam forest, maple, linden, fir, birch, hazel, garlic, anemones, found throughout the country, such as the Malopolska Upland , the Silesian Lowland Beech- deciduous and mixed forests found in moist areas, typical vegetation are beech, linden, oak, beech, mosses, livestock onion, wood anemone, are in the mountains-Carpathian-Sudeten and Carpathian beech-beech forest ringlet

27. Marshy- multi-species deciduous forests grow on fertile soils, often in wetlands, quite strongly transformed by man; dominate here: willow, poplar, oak, elm, elderberry, marsh violet, goldenrod, euonymus, stinging nettle, found in river valleys such as the Vistula Valley, San Alder- are covered wetlands, with high levels of ground water, plant species include alder, birch, Scots pine, color viburnum, willow, hops ordinary, duckweed, sedges, yellow muzzle, found in river valleys, on the banks of the lakes, the example, in the Biebrza National Park and Poleski National Park. As a percentage of most trees are conifers - about 76% (mostly pine-69%, spruce-5% and more) and the remaining 23% are deciduous trees (mostly oak - about 7%, beech - 5%, alder - 4%)

28. We invite you to visit the Polish