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Famine Early Warning System Network ( FEWS NET )

Famine Early Warning System Network ( FEWS NET ). Venkatesh Merwade Kristi Shaw. FEWS NET. US government partnership to improve food security in 17 drought prone countries in Africa

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Famine Early Warning System Network ( FEWS NET )

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  1. Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS NET) Venkatesh Merwade Kristi Shaw

  2. FEWS NET • US government partnership to improve food security in 17 drought prone countries in Africa • Objective: establish effective, sustainable, and African led security and response planning networks to decrease vulnerability of at risk groups • Partners with USGS, USAID, Chemonics, Foreign Agriculture Service, NASA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

  3. FEWS NET Website (http://www.fews.net/) • Monthly reports publicly available • Technical reports including vulnerability assessments, food insecurity, and World Food Program (WFP) reports • Weather monitoring using remote sensing (for warning and hazard analysis) • Price monitoring (food access, commercial price changes, supply/demands) • Assimilates daily rainfall images (NOAA) • Databases on remote sensing, rainfall (RAINMAN), agriculture production (AGMAN), and market prices (PRICEMAN) through a branch of FEWS NET,the Africa Data Dissemination Service (ADDS) • Mozambique Flood Hazard Information (http://edcnts11.cr.usgs.gov/mozflooding/)

  4. Mozambique Flood Hazard Information • Interactive Basin Excess Rainfall Maps (delineate above avg. rainfall regions) • Stream Flow Model Dynamic Map and Hydrographs • Developed by USGS Earth Resources Observation Systems Data System (EROS) • Simulates stream flow for 3000 basins • Physically-based catchment hydrological model includes GIS module for input/data preparation and rainfall-runoff simulation models • Under development…output will be hydrographs, dynamic basin maps, and publicly available direct access to a map service that updates flood risk maps to improve user functionality • Flood Risk Monitoring Model and Hydrographs

  5. FEWS Flood Risk Monitoring Model

  6. Introduction and Brief Description of the Model • Development and simulation of model is synonymous with stream flow model • Rainfall-runoff model produces surface and sub-surface runoff, an upland headwater basins routing module, and a major river routing module • Runoff prediction module • Groundwater Zone • Active soil layer • Upper thin layer (evaporation, transpiration, and percolation) • Lower layer (transpiration and percolation) • Runoff producing mechanisms • Precipitation excess • Rapid subsurface flow • Baseflow • Routing in river reaches-- Muskingum-Cunge channel scheme

  7. No Data Source 1. the USGS HYDRO1K database (derivative of the USGS digital elevation database) http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/gtopo30/hydro 2. the USGS global land cover characteristics database http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/glcc/glcc.html 3. the FAO digital soil map of the world http://www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/prtsoil.htm 4. a daily version of the NOAA 10-day rainfall estimate (RFE) images http://edcintl.cr.usgs.gov/adds/data/data.html 5. Daily potential evapotranspiration fields as input to the Penman-Monteith equation. Can be obtained using Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) climate fields Input Data

  8. Input (cont.) • HYDRO 1K • Basin boundaries and stream networks • Embeds topological information in digit • Grid cell resolution- one kilometer • USGS Global Land Cover Characteristics Database • Map projections- Interrupted Goode Homolosine and Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area • 1-km nominal spatial resolution • derived thematic maps produced through the aggregation of seasonal land cover regions are included in each continental data base • FAO Soil Map • characterization of the hydraulic properties of the earth's surface • original scale is 1:5,000,000 • NOAA RFE • estimates of gross precipitation input to each basin • prepared from METEOSAT thermal infrared images and ground based rainfall stations • 0.1 degree latitude/longitude grid • 10-km resolution

  9. Output • Daily Prediction Hydrographs • ability to illustrate trends in river flow magnitude and persistence • Buzi, Licungo, Limpopo, Lugenda, Luchulingo, Lurio, Messalo, Olifants, Runde, Save, and Zambezi rivers • sample hydrograph for Limpopo, Malbane • Disclaimers • has not been calibrated (nor validated) with observed data • effects of dams on stream flow timing and magnitude have not been included • model is still under development and these hydrographs provided online are experimental

  10. Output-- Hydrograph

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