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Chapter 23, part A

Chapter 23, part A. Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems. The Cardiovascular System and Lymphatics System. Blood—Transports nutrients to and wastes from cells WBCs—Defend against infection Lymphatics—Transport interstitial fluid to blood

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Chapter 23, part A

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  1. Chapter 23, part A Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

  2. The Cardiovascular System and Lymphatics System • Blood—Transports nutrients to and wastes from cells • WBCs—Defend against infection • Lymphatics—Transport interstitial fluid to blood • Lymph nodes—Contain fixed macrophages

  3. The Cardiovascular System Figure 23.1

  4. The Lymphatic System Figure 23.2

  5. Sepsis and Septic Shock • Sepsis • Bacteria growing in the blood • Severe sepsis • Decrease in blood pressure • Septic shock • Low blood pressure cannot be controlled Figure 23.3

  6. Sepsis • Gram-negative Sepsis • Endotoxins caused blood pressure decrease • Antibiotics can worsen condition by killing bacteria • Gram-Positive Sepsis • Nosocomial infections • Staphylococcus aureus • Streptococcus pyogenes • Group B streptococcus • Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis

  7. Sepsis • Puerperal Sepsis (Childbirth fever) • Streptococcus pyogenes • Transmitted to mother during childbirth by attending physicians & midwives

  8. Bacterial Infections of the Heart • Endocarditis • Inflammation of the endocardium • Subacute bacterial endocarditis • Alpha-hemolytic streptococci from mouth • Acute bacterial endocarditis • Staphylococcus aureus from mouth • Pericarditis • Streptococci

  9. Bacterial Infections of the Heart Fgirue 23.4

  10. Rheumatic Fever • Inflammation of heart values • Autoimmune complication of Streptococcus pyogenes infections Figure 23.5

  11. Tularemia • Francisella tularensis, gram-negative rod • Transmitted from rabbits and deer by deer flies • Bacteria reproduce in phagocytes

  12. Tularemia Figure 23.6

  13. Brucellosis (Undulant Fever) • Brucella, gram-negative rods that grow in phagocytes • B. abortus (elk, bison, cows) • B. suis (swine) • B. melitensis (goats, sheep, camels) • Undulating fever that spikes to 40°C each evening • Transmitted via milk from infected animals or contact with infected animals

  14. Anthrax • Bacillus anthracis, gram-positive, endospore-forming aerobic rod • Found in soil • Cattle are routinely vaccinated • Treated with ciprofloxacin or doxycycline • Cutaneous anthrax • Endospores enter through minor cut • 20% mortality

  15. Anthrax • Gastrointestinal anthrax • Ingestion of undercooked food contaminated food • 50% mortality • Inhalational anthrax • Inhalation of endospores • 100% mortality Figure 23.7

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