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Ch. 12-3

Ch. 12-3. The Cold War Expands. The Arms Race Heightens Tensions. September 2, 1949 B-52 near Alaska detected radiation We then knew the Soviets had set off an nuclear weapon. Communist Advances Shock the Nation. The news of the bomb, shook the U.S.

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Ch. 12-3

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  1. Ch. 12-3 The Cold War Expands

  2. The Arms Race Heightens Tensions • September 2, 1949 • B-52 near Alaska detected radiation • We then knew the Soviets had set off an nuclear weapon

  3. Communist Advances Shock the Nation • The news of the bomb, shook the U.S. • We thought the Soviets were years away from a bomb • U.S. no longer had a monopoly • China then fell to communist

  4. Nuclear Arsenals Expand • Truman ordered the creation of a hydrogen bomb • 1,000 times stronger then a atomic bomb • Stockpiles were created • Thought of mutually assured destruction • Would keep either side from using the bombs

  5. Eisenhower Introduces New Policies • Agreed in keeping communism secluded • John Foster Dulles (Secretary of State) • Helped organize the UN • Disliked the little fights the U.S. had been in • Refused to let the U.S. get “pulled” in by the Soviets

  6. Eisenhower Favors Massive Retaliation • Eisenhower preferred building • Planes, missiles, and submarines • Felt if there was a major war, it would be nuclear • Wanted to provide a “bigger bang for the buck” • Cut about 15 billion dollars • 1954 Dulles announced massive retaliation

  7. Stalin’s Death Eases Tensions • March 5, 1953 Joseph Stalin died • Nikita Khrushchev as new head of the Soviet Union • Not as cruel as Stalin • July 1955 Khrushchev met with Eisenhower • Met in Geneva, Switzerland • A small step forward • Nothing significant took place

  8. The Cold War Goes Global • Soviet Union no free elections • In any area it controlled • Continued to try and spread communism • Dulles talked of scaling back communism

  9. Unrest Explodes Behind the Iron Curtain • Places like Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia resented the Soviets • Polish workers rioted against Soviet rule • Won greater control of their government • Hungarian workers and students held demonstrations • Khrushchev responded brutally • Many executed • 1956 Olympic Games (Water Polo) • “Blood in the water match”

  10. The U.S. Defuses the Suez Crisis • Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egypt) • Wanted to build a dam at Aswan • U.S. to fund • He talked with the Soviets • U.S. withdrew offer • Planned to close off the Suez canal • Would hurt the flow of oil • Britain and France to force use • U.S. did not help • Eisenhower was mad, refused to give Britain and France oil

  11. Eisenhower Promises Strong Action • 1957 Eisenhower Doctrine • U.S. use force to help Middle Eastern nations • Against communism • 1958 sent troops to Lebanon • Used the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) against communism • 1953 helped install a new Iranian government • 1954 Same in Guatemala • Created long-term resentment against U.S.

  12. The Cold War Blasts Off Into Space • October 4, 1957 Soviets launched a steel ball with a transmitter into space • Sputnik 1 • Then launched a satellite with a dog named Laika into orbit • Congress spent 1 billion of National Defense Education Act • Teach and study sciences • Created National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

  13. Reflections • Reflect on the meeting between Khrushchev and Eisenhower, what would each man have made his priority during their meeting? 1/2 page • Write a persuasive 1 page reflection, convincing the US government to create more nuclear weapons or 1 page reflection convincing them to stop creation of nuclear weapons. In the 1950s.

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