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Ocean Biological Properties. Ru Morrison. Why?. "What biological science questions can we address with geostationary hyperspectral imager?". Spectral Resolution Hyperspectral - Improved constituent algorithms Temporal and Spatial Resolution Cloud avoidance Coastal Oceanographic forcings
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Ocean Biological Properties Ru Morrison NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Why? "What biological science questions can we address with geostationary hyperspectral imager?" • Spectral Resolution • Hyperspectral - Improved constituent algorithms • Temporal and Spatial Resolution • Cloud avoidance • Coastal Oceanographic forcings • Biological phenomena / diel variability NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Time and Space GEO-CAPE From Dickey, 1991 Reviews of Geophysics NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Top of the Atmosphere Reflectance Atmospheric Correction Atmosphere Remote Sensing Reflectance Reflectance Model Inherent Optical Properties IOP models Phytoplankton CDOM Non-algal Particles Species (photoadaptation) photoacclimation Source, photobleaching Composition (size) NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Reflectance Algorithms O‘Reilly, J. E. and others 2000. Ocean color chlorophyll a algorithms for SeaWiFS, OC2, and OC4: Version 4, p. 9-27. SeaWiFS postlaunch calibration and validation analyses, Part 3. SeaWIFS post launch technical report series. NASA. NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
a(442) after removal of bottom effects with a “hyper”-spectral sensor [mg m-3] [m-1] Hyperspectral‘True’ water column optical properties [Chl] with standard algorithm NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
MERIS FR data, Dec. 14, 2004 Bathymetry of Bahamas derived from MERIS Rrs(λ) with HOPE Data from ZhongPing Lee, MS State NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Hyperspectral – Phytoplankon functional groups Karenia brevis Gulf of Mexico Remote Sensing Reflectance HAB Abundance Data from Steve Lohrenz, USM Lee et al. (2002) Applied Optics, 41(27), 5755-5772 Millie et al. (1997) Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 1240-1251 NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Coastal Oceanographic Forcings NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Massachusetts Bay AVPPO Deployments FRONT site Martha’s Vineyard Coastal Observatory NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Tidal Fronts NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Ullman, D. S., and P. C. Cornillon. 1999. Satellite-derived sea surface temperature fronts on the continental shelf off the northeast U.S. coast. Journal of Geophysical Research 104: 23459-23478. NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Episodic Events NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Internal waves NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Jackson, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, C11012, doi:10.1029/2007JC004220, 2007 NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Internal Waves Jackson, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, C11012, doi:10.1029/2007JC004220, 2007 NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Diel variability NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Phytoplankton Biomass Diel cycle • Mean properties for top 20 m • Diel variation • Either • Division towards the end of day • Changes in accessory pigment concentrations • Or combination of both Phytoplankton peak ratio Scattering ratio Non-algal absorption ratio NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Diel cycle NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Phytoplankton fluorescence NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Phytoplankton Physiology MODIS Aqua observations 2006 NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Phytoplankton Physiology MODIS Aqua observations 2006 NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008
Why? "What biological science questions can we address with geostationary hyperspectral imager?" • Spectral Resolution • Hyperspectral - Improved constituent algorithms • Temporal and Spatial Resolution • Cloud avoidance • Coastal Oceanographic forcings • Biological phenomena / diel variability NASA GEO-CAPE workshop August 19, 2008