Properties of the Ocean Water

1. Properties of the Ocean Water By: Melanie Ferrer Edith Gutierrez Rafael Mendez Alfredo Ruiz

2. Elements in the ocean water - 96.5% pure water (3.5% salt only) Most abundant elements - Chlorine - Sodium - Magnesium - Sulfur - Calcium - Potassium The most dissolved gases which are the three principle gases are: - Nitrogen - Oxygen - Carbon Dioxide Some examples of where gases come from in the ocean water are volcanoes and plants beneath the ocean. Gases of the Ocean Water

3. Salinity of the Ocean Water • Salinity is the number of grams of dissolved salt in 1 kg of ocean water. • The dissolved gases depend on the salinity. • Both evaporation and freezing increase the salinity of the ocean water. • Also, if the rate of evaporation is high, the salinity of surface water increases.

4. Ocean has the ability to obtain invisible infrared wavelengths of sunlight. The absorption of these infrared ray heats the water. Infrared rays means that completely absorbed within the upper zone of the ocean water. This means that the sun can directly heat water near the surface of the ocean Deep zone-temperature equals 2 degrees Celsius. Temperature of the Ocean Water

5. Density of the Ocean Water • Density mass underwater of an object can be divided by its volume. • Density is measured in different ways but mostly in grams per cubic centimeters. • Oceanographers use the formula D=M/V to calculate the density in the water. • In conclusion you just need to measure the salinity, temperature and pressure to be able to find density and using the formula.

6. Density of the Ocean Water • If the object is denser than the water it will not sink, and if it is it will sink. • The salt in the ocean water makes the water denser. • As the temperature decreases it gets more denser. So, the colder the water, the more dense it is. • The dense difference divide them so that the more denser water is on the bottom of the less dense. • The temperature of the ocean greatly decreases as you go more to the bottom of the ocean. So, the density of the water goes up as you go down into the bottom of the ocean.

7. Density of the Ocean Water

8. Color of the Ocean Water • The color of the ocean water is determined by the way it absorbs or reflects sunlight. • The ocean is blue because blue is the last color to be absorbed and it reflects the sunlight. • The ocean covers about 70% of the earth’s surface.

9. Color of the Ocean Water • Most of the sunlight that penetrates the surface of the ocean is absorbed by the water. • Also, the water appears blue because blue is the last color to be absorbed; but sometimes the ocean is covered by small particles and marine organisms floating in the water, which causes the water to appear green or brown. • The sunlight can only go so far, it only covers about a few hundred meters in depth, the remaining is total darkness.

10. Color of the Ocean Water

11. 1. What percent of the ocean water is pure? 2. What is density? 3. What is an example where gases come from in the ocean water? 4. Why is the ocean blue? 5. Is the temperature of the ocean cooler when you go up or down? Questions

12. Bibliography • http://www.seafriends.org/ocean/seawater.htm#gases • http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/Re-St/Sea-Water-Gases-in.html • http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Water/temp.html&edu=high • http://daac.qsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/ • http://oceancolor.qsfc.nasa.gov/ • http://edweb.sdsu.edu/people/bdodge/scaffold/OS/index.html • Modern Earth Science