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Basic terms and concepts. Photography is … Inverse Square Law Color Temperature Mixing light sources Filters (in camera, light mounted, window mounted) Needs of camera / mood of shot / invisible 3 point lighting (background, kicker) Flat lighting, 2-point?, bounce? Typical equipment
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Basic terms and concepts • Photography is … • Inverse Square Law • Color Temperature • Mixing light sources • Filters (in camera, light mounted, window mounted) • Needs of camera / mood of shot / invisible • 3 point lighting (background, kicker) • Flat lighting, 2-point?, bounce? • Typical equipment • Spot or flood • Quartz, HSF or LED • Grid or light stands
Key to Effective Lighting:Shadow • Shadow gives images form, weight, texture, mood, depth. Also reveals spatial relationships.
3 considerations before lighting • Key light placement – 180 degrees around subject • Quality of light – hard or soft • Shadow treatment – low key or high key
3 Attributes of Key Light • Primary source of illumination • Primary factor of overall exposure • Determines placement and quality of shadow
Quality of Light • Refers to hard or soft quality of light • “Pin” or undiffused sources create hard shadows that fall off sharply (fresnel) • Soft light is created by using large sources of diffused light. • Determined by two attributes • Large source • Relatively close to subject
See textbook example • Catch lights to show proper placement • Broadlighting: when the key light shines of the side of the face closest to the camera • Short lighting: when the key light is on the side of the face opposite the camera; the camera is on the fill or shadow side
Short lighting • Side of face toward camera is shadow
Functions of Fill Light • Fills shadows created by key light • Does not create new shadow
Fill Light Without Fill With Fill
Backlight Hard backlight Soft Backlight
Background With Background Without Background
Hard vs. Soft Key Light Hard Soft
Relative Distance of Soft Light Source: Inverse Square Law Close Far
Lighting Dark Skin with Large Sources of Light Pin Light Source Large Diffused Source
One Light Setup Use available Light from existing window— Don’t shoot like this – why?
One-Light Setup Available Light One-Light Setup
One-Light Setup Light directly in front Short Side of Face
Color Balance Color Temps Mixing Key light with correct white balance set correction
Warming the Scene Normal Color Balance Tricking Camera to Produce Warmer Tones
Camera • Indoor, outdoor, automatic • Manual vs. automatic (of anything) • Size of chip • Camera to subject distance • Light to subject distance
Lighting effects • Silhouette – back lit
Lighting effects • Cameo: spot on subject, dark background
Lighting effects • Limbo: softly lit (white) background (cyc)