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Arthropoda Cirripedia (Barnacles) Active suspension feeders (filter feeders)

Arthropoda Cirripedia (Barnacles) Active suspension feeders (filter feeders) Use feathery cirri (modified swimming appendages) Sessile (attached to surfaces) Fouling organisms (boats, whales) Resemble mollusks superficially Some parasitic forms Simultaneous hermaphrodites

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Arthropoda Cirripedia (Barnacles) Active suspension feeders (filter feeders)

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  1. Arthropoda • Cirripedia (Barnacles) • Active suspension feeders (filter feeders) • Use feathery cirri(modified swimming appendages) • Sessile (attached to surfaces) • Fouling organisms (boats, whales) • Resemble mollusks superficially • Some parasitic forms • Simultaneous hermaphrodites • Internal fertilization (How??)

  2. Fig. 7.29

  3. Arthropoda • Cirripedia (Barnacles) • Active suspension feeders (filter feeders) • Use feathery cirri (modified swimming appendages) • Sessile (attached to surfaces) • Fouling organisms (boats, whales) • Resemble mollusks superficially • Benthic forms also important • Some parasitic forms • Simultaneous hermaphrodites • Internal fertilization (How??)

  4. Arthropoda • Amphipoda (Amphipods) • Laterally compressed • Generally small (< 2 cm), but larger in deep ocean • Widespread distribution • Generally free living • Important scavengers • Often highly mobile • Some sedentary forms • Diverse lifestyles • Brood young

  5. Fig. 7.30

  6. Arthropoda • Isopoda (Isopods) • Dorsoventrally compressed • Generally small (< 2 cm), but larger in deep ocean • Related to terrestrial pill bugs • Widespread distribution • Generally free living • Important scavengers • Often highly mobile • Some parasitic forms • Brood young

  7. Arthropoda • Euphausiacea (Krill) • Laterally compressed • Up to 10 cm long (usually smaller) • Head and anterior segments fused to form distinct carapace • Widespread distribution • Important primary consumers and predators • Important prey for larger consumers • Keystone species in some ecosystems (Southern Ocean) • Aggregate in schools • May be immense (450 sq km x 200 m @ >1000 m-3)

  8. Arthropoda • Decapoda (Crabs, Lobsters, Shrimps) • Most species in Crustacea (~10,000) • Scavengers/Predators/Both • Largest crustaceans • Lobster > 42 lbs • Crab > 10 feet “tall” • Five pairs of walking legs • First pair usually modified as claws for feeding/defense • Well-developed carapace = cephalothorax • Rest of body = abdomen • Lobsters, shrimp – Usually laterally compressed • Tail/Abdomen behind thorax • Crabs – Usually dorsoventrally compressed • Tail/Abdomen curled underneath thorax

  9. Fig. 7.32

  10. Arthropoda • Decapoda (Crabs, Lobsters, Shrimps) • Most species in Crustacea (~10,000) • Scavengers/Predators/Both • Largest crustaceans • Lobster > 42 lbs • Crab > 10 feet “tall” • Five pairs of walking legs • First pair usually modified as claws for feeding/defense • Well-developed carapace = cephalothorax • Rest of body = abdomen • Lobsters, shrimp – Usually laterally compressed • Tail/Abdomen behind thorax • Crabs – Usually dorsoventrally compressed • Tail/Abdomen curled underneath thorax

  11. Shediac, NB

  12. Fig. 7.37

  13. Arthropoda • Merostomata (Horseshoe crabs) • Not true crabs • Five living species • Distinctive, horseshoe-shaped carapace • Benthic predators/scavengers on clams and small invertebrates • No jaws - Grind food with bristles on walking legs (must be walking to “chew”)

  14. Arthropoda • Pycnogonida (Sea spiders) • Superficially resemble spiders • Mouth at end of large proboscis (unusual) • Carnivores • Feed on sea anemones, hydrozoans, other soft inverts • No respiratory or excretory systems • Digestive system extends into legs

  15. Fig. 7.39

  16. Echinodermata • Radial symmetry (secondary) • Bilateral symmetry in larvae • Pentaradial symmetry in adults • Oral/aboral - No anterior/posterior, dorsal/ventral • Complete digestive tract (except Ophiuroidea) • Endoskeleton • Covered with layer of tissue • Water vascular system • Unique to echinoderms • Tube feet extended by pressure from ampullae • Tube feet used for locomotion, feeding, sensory functions • Connected to exterior through madreporite

  17. Fig. 7.42

  18. Echinodermata • Asteroidea (Sea stars) - Class • Most species have five arms (some more) • Tube feet on oral surface in ambulacral grooves • Endoskeleton composed of CaCO3 plates • Flexible skeleton – permits movement • Aboral surface often covered with pedicellariae • Small claws used for grooming surface • Predators • Feed on bivalves, snails, barnacles • Pry shells of bivalve apart and insert stomach

  19. Heliaster helianthus

  20. Crown of Thorns Acanthaster planci

  21. Echinodermata • Ophiuroidea (Brittle stars, Serpent stars) • More species (~2000) than any other class • Arms long and very flexible • May resemble writhing snakes • Tube feet lack suckers (used for feeding) • Cryptic – Usually not in open areas • Scavengers/Detritivores • Particles collected by tube feet and passed to mouth • May suspension feed by climbing on taller objects (e.g. sponges) • Some have eyes and produce bioluminescence • Why??

  22. Amphipholis squamata

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