Effective PowerPoint Presentations: Instructional Design Strategies

1. Effective PowerPoint Presentations: Instructional Design Strategies Anna Story, RN, MS, MSN Online Instructional Designer

2. What is Instructional Design? ( ID) • "the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction." Seels, B. and Glasgow,Z. (1990).

3. Subjective Objective Assessment Plan Intervention Evaluation Assess Needs Analyze Learners Create Objectives Develop Materials Implement Evaluate Revise Nursing Process and ID : Different?

4. The Keys in PPT: • Educational Objectives Always Drive the Technology Not Vice Versa. • PPT should supplement not replace lecture while in-class.

5. In Class? • Designing to use a PPT in-class may be different from one put on the Web. • Brief notes and bullets • Talking Points

6. Online • determine why. • Study guide? Include blanks? • Could make speaker notes available if online. • If save the PPT presentation as an html, save for Netscape and Internet Explorer. • Can also save as a PPT and post online, but. Student must have the viewer

7. Benefits of Using PPT (Cleland, 2001) • Multimedia: Animation, video and sound • Links to the WWW: Simple access to other resources. • Editing: Can easily update • Distribution: Printing or exporting to WWW • Cost: Low cost, assuming projection facilities are available • Non-linear: Have capability of breaking away from linear presentation of materials to non-linear organization models.

8. Disadvantages • Lack of interactivity: Teacher no longer interacts with the media. Promotes passive learning. • Resolution: Best resolution is 1024 X 768 but 35 mm slides are 4000 X 3000. • Brightness: Room lights must be dimmed which promotes sleeping and reduced interaction • Pacing: PPT slides can be displayed very quickly, leaves illusion that the pace is too quick. • Distractions: Some get too carried away with bells and whistles and forget the educational objectives of the presentation. • Linear straight jacket: Although have the ability to do non-linear presentation, can get locked into linear mind-set.

9. Twelve Tips for Effective PPT Presentations • Develop a visual story board or representation for your presentation, keep it in front of you throughout development. • Use sound and video only for educational purposes. • Look for relevant ways to provide learning cues, such as color and icons. • Use the same color when discussing the same topic. • Use icons that represent a topic or step.

10. Serif or San Serif? 4. Pre-select a standard sans-serif font for clarity and readability Serif is the little tail added at the end of letters, for example in Times New Roman. This is Times New Roman. See the little tails? Sans serif means without the tails, Arial. This is Arial. Notice the plain block type lettering.

11. 5. Consider the size of the room when choosing font size. > 200 seats = Headings: 42 point; Main text: 36 point < 200 seats = Headings: 36 point; Main text: 28 point < 50 seats = Headings: 32 point; Main text: 24 point

12. 6.For maximum effect choose predominantly lower case letters. 7. Preview the effect of your chosen colors: • Have no more than 4 regions of color • Be consistent with your colors

13. 8. Consider the cultural significance of color • Text color should complement and be distinguishable from background color • If you grade colors (light to dark) the intensity should increase as you move to the bottom of the frame.

14. 9. Consider the psychological effect of color. • Bright colors project energy. • Pastels are more delicate than bright colors. • Reds, oranges are "hot". • Blues, greens are "cool".

15. 10.When choosing build (movement within a slide) and transition (movement between slides) effects, consider effect on audience learning. • 1 sec. Transition between slides. Skin Ulcer

16. 11. Choose pictures and clip art that enhance your presentation message. 12.Know what version of PPT is on the machine where you will be doing the presentation. • Always have a back-up: transparencies, handouts, web-site • Practice.

17. Audio and Video • Carefully consider when you would want to insert audio and video. Make sure the files enhance the content of the presentation, rather than simply provide glitz. • Here is a handout on how to insert audio and video. • You will need to have Acrobat Reader on your machine. Click this button to go to Adobe:

18. Narrating a Presentation • Consider when you would want to narrate a slide show. • Sight impaired audience • Literacy concerns • Automated presentation • Here is a handout on how to narrate a PPT presentation. This is a Word file.

19. Enhance Learning in Class with PPT • Fill-in-the-blank: Provide print-outs or have them bring print-out to class if online. • Don’t provide every little detail in the presentation-require that students actively listen, take notes. • Mix other activities in with PPT. • Emphasize points on a "real" Blackboard. • Switch to the virtual Blackboard (the online course management system). • Small groups to discuss a point written on a PPT slide. • Can ask questions and list answers in PPT

20. Other Sources • http://www.uwlax.edu/itlc/PPT/intermed/sld001.htm • http://www.irvingisd.net/technology/powerpoint/Default.htm • Cleland, C. (Fall, 2001). Why I dislike PowerPoint. Biology Newsletter. p.3. • Holzl, J. (1997). Twelve tips for effective PowerPoint presentations for the technologically challenged. Medical Teacher, 19 (3): 175-179.