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PSYCHOPATHOLOGY-2

PSYCHOPATHOLOGY-2. Prof Dr Süheyla Ünal İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı. Components of mental health. environmental Factors. Relational lifes. Brain/Memory. Geneti cs and neurobiology. behavior. Mental Health.

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PSYCHOPATHOLOGY-2

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  1. PSYCHOPATHOLOGY-2 Prof Dr Süheyla Ünal İnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı

  2. Components of mental health environmental Factors Relational lifes Brain/Memory Genetics and neurobiology behavior Mental Health

  3. Gene - Environment Interaction Chemical exposure Mental Health Infection Birth defects Gene Ekspression Social Environment Behavior Development Physical Environment Care Nourishment Growth Medical Care Reproduction

  4. Gene-Environment Interaction replication & chromatin assembly chromatin modifications • It requires to give suitable reaction to environmental stimulants for continue of life and progress • epigenetic mechanisms • DNA is necessary for continuation of species • Genetics structure

  5. 4P model Precipitating Protective Perpetuating Predisposing

  6. Biopsychosocial analysis

  7. 4P • Predisposing: genetic specialities,prenatal and postnatal factors • Precipitating: Factors which cause to start symptoms • Perpetuating: Factors which continue the illness • Protective: Factors which protect from illness

  8. EVOLUTION STORY • Every living’s adaptations of environment is special • Early environmental way of livings affect the progress of cortex,neural activity and organization both functionally and constitutionally • Many of the mental diseases develop like accommodational response to the environment

  9. Normal Evolution • Normal evolution requires the existence of environmental information • Genom’s plastisite and its being rearrangement provide adaptation to environmental inputs • There is two-way relation between genetics activity,structural maturation and function (DNA-RNA-Protein) • Genetics structure effects the person’s behavior and living,also person’s living effects the gene expression

  10. Gürültülü gelişim • Randomize events during evolution cause varyasyons in fenotip • Feedback systems try to keep these deflections at definite limits

  11. Illness Evolution Process • Only when deflections pass beyond normal limit,there seems pathological appearance

  12. “Harmonized Phenotype” Barker Hypothesis Fetal root of illnesses Negative intrauterine events during postnatal period show permanent effect in structural/functional/homeostatic programme • More chance of life of fetus • Increased risk in adult illnesses Bagby SP

  13. PREDISPOSING FACTORS

  14. Factors which affect brain evolution in prenatal

  15. Genes for illness • 5-HT Carrier genotip • COMT genotip

  16. Toxical Factors In umbilical cord blood, 217 chemical matter among 287 have neurotoxic effect 208 of them caused abnormal evolution and birth defects on animal tests

  17. Prenatal stress model Newsweek September 27, 1999

  18. During birth and postnatal effects • Birth Complications • Perinatal brain damage • Postnatal Effects • Relationship between mother and baby • Travmatic livings in early period In a research about adult depression,there’s been found ‘’s’’ allel in person’s 5-HTT who angrily behaved in their childhood (Caspi ve ark 2003)

  19. PRECIPITATING FACTORS

  20. Adolescence Period • Gonadal/adrenal hormones make the genes expressed which interests evolution of the brain • Pruning in adolescence increase to %75 • Prefrontal cortex’s activity slows down with pruning and hormonal effects in adolescence

  21. Stressful Life Events • Stressful life events reduce organism’s resistance while providing to sway of stress hormones at higher rates • The Dexamethasone Suppression Test and Suicide Prediction • William Coryell, M.D., and Michael Schlesser, M.D.

  22. Hormonal factors • Hipotiroidi, hipertiroidi • Cushing, Addison illness • Feokromastoma • Premenstruel period • Postnatal

  23. Narcotic Usage • Narcotic toxisite • Narcotic deprivation

  24. PERPETUATING FACTORS

  25. Chronic illnesses • Cancer • Infections • Endokrin illnesses • Metabolic situations • Renal insufficiency • Otoimmun illnesses • Neurological illnesses

  26. Exposure to toxic agent • Narcotic usage: because of neurotoxic factor • Professional exposure: Toluene, benzen etc.

  27. PROTECTIVE FACTORS

  28. Protective Factors • Ego strength • Social support • Medicines • Treatment of illness • Neuroprotective effect • Epigenetic effect • Psychotherapy • New synaptic connections

  29. BIBLIOGRAPHY • Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE, Taylor A, Craig IW, Harrington H, McClay J, Mill J, Martin J, Braithwaite A, Poulton R. Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science. Vol 301, 18 July 2003, 386-389.

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